The Mauck Lab uses physical chemistry to study the properties of organic semiconductors in the solid state. A semiconductor has electrical properties in between an insulator, such as glass, and a metal, such as copper. What makes a semiconductor particularly useful in modern technologies is the ability to control the movement of electrical charge (current) based on an energy input. While the electricity that powers the lights in our room is controlled manually when we flick a light switch, semiconductor chips can be used as transistors to programmatically switch current on and off to power processes in our computers and many other devices. The field of optoelectronics focuses on how light emission results from an input of current, as in display or lighting technology, and how light absorption may generate current via the photovoltaic effect, as in solar cell modules.
Students work across many different areas of chemistry, ranging from instrumental techniques such as UV-Vis absorption and FTIR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, to organic synthesis, crystal growth, and thin film preparation. Students often also pursue some computational work, either through spectroscopic data analysis or in quantum mechanical calculations by using density functional theory to model electronic structure, molecular geometry, and vibrational modes.
Even though organic semiconductors are historically less efficient at transporting electrical charge compared to covalent inorganic crystalline semiconductors, fundamental research has shown that precise molecular design can enable novel technological applications. In contrast to traditional semiconductor materials such as silicon, molecular semiconductors can be tuned from solution-phase synthesis to target optical, electronic, and mechanical properties for specific applications, such as rollable light-emitting diode (LEDs) displays or building-integrated solar cells.
When organic molecules are in solution or in the gas phase, they are relatively isolated with few intermolecular interactions, aside from solvation. A solution of organic molecules can be deposited on something like a glass microscope slide, and allowed to dry, like painting. Now a solid, intermolecular interactions become very strong, and noncovalent forces may allow molecules to self-assemble into ordered stacks. This means that the arrangement of electrons associated with an individual molecule may be so near to other molecules that their energies and spatial arrangements will change, consequently modifying the electronic and optical properties of the molecule.
We study fundamental structure-property relationships in model solid state systems in order to better understand how molecular-level interactions affect material function in organic semiconductors. Techniques such as infrared reflectance-absorbance spectroscopy (IRRAS) are particularly well-suited to studying organic thin films with an exceptional signal-to-noise ratio and polarization-resolved orientational effects.
Harrick Scientific AutoSeagull Variable Angle Infrared Reflectance Accessory (compatible with Bruker Vertex 80V IR spectrometer, housed in Physics)
Horiba Fluorolog-QM-75-21-C
Janis ST-100-FTIR optical cryostat
Laurell Spin Processor
KSV NIMA Langmuir-Blodgett Trough
Cary 5000 UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometer (Chemistry)
BASi Eclipse electrochemical analyzer (Chemistry)
JEOL 400 MHz NMR spectrometer (Chemistry)