Sociograms can provide a snapshot of interaction groups and can be created quite simply by tallying frequency counts in video data or fieldnotes (i.e., the number of a times a participant is observed with others in a location). The sociogram below mapped children’s play relationships and affinity groups, informed by their self-reports of playmates (arrows) checked against the number of instances when video data showed children playing together (ovals).
Qualitative data analysis (QDA) software can be helpful in finding interaction orders and generating frequency counts for groupings. Most QDA programs (e.g., Transana, NVivo, Atlas.ti) will generate reports that allow you to look for specific instances where participants’ names overlap to tally those instances and list them for future inspection.
Sociograms can also be made very quickly using online tools. I entered each child’s name and their reported playmate preferences in an online sociogram maker (e.g., LeaderboardX below).