GRACE
Giant Radio galaxies and their duty cycle
Giants in the sky
Giant radio galaxies (GRG) are one of the most spectacular manifestation of astrophysical jets, showing plasma ejecta with an extension up to Mpc. However, the conditions allowings such a growth are still unclear, and may be linked to a particularly favourable environment, to peculiar accretion/ejection conditions allowing a very long and continuos radio activity, or to more than one radio cycle. The aim of the GRACE project, carried out by the GRAL group in Rome, is to study the radio duty cycle in a sample of giant radio galaxies selected from high energies (hard-X) catalogues produced by the INTEGRAL/IBIS and Swift/BAT space missions.
In this webpage, we collect the information on the GRG sample we are studying since 2016, providing reference works and highlights on our current results.
Team members
G. Bruni, F. Panessa, E. Chiaraluce, A. Bazzano, P. Ubertini (INAF-IAPS, Italy)
L. Bassani, F. Ursini, A. Malizia (INAF-OAS, Italy)
D. Dallacasa, T. Venturi, M. Brienza (INAF-IRA, Italy)
L. Hernandez-Garcia (U. Valparaiso, Chile)
L. Saripalli (Raman Research Institute, India)
F. Massaro (U. Torino, Italy)
M. Fanelli (U. Sapienza / INAF-IAPS, Italy)
The sample
Bassani et al. (2016) performed a combined radio/hard X-ray study of the active galactic nuclei (AGN) population selected in the hard X-ray band by the International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL)/the Imager on Board the INTEGRAL Satellite (IBIS) and Swift/the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) surveys, finding 64 objects that match radio galaxies with known redshifts. The NRAO Very Large Array (VLA) Sky Survey (NVSS) and Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS) maps allowed an estimate of the projected linear size, and it turned out that 15 of them (i.e., ∼25% of the sample) can be classified as GRG. In the following, the GRG sample we are studying in detail since 2016. We recently added some new objects, following the catalogue update by Bassani et al. (2020).
Name RA DEC z LS (kpc)
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B3 0309+411B 03:13:01.9 +41:20:01 0.134 1150
J0318+684 03:18:19.1 +68:29:32.2 0.09 1523
PKS 0707–35 07:09:13.8 -36:01:19.9 0.111 1016
4C 73.08 09:49:46.0 +73:14:23.1 0.058 936
B2 1144+35B 11:47:22.3 +35:01:09.1 0.06 1200
HE 1434–1600 14:36:49.6 -16:13:40.4 0.144 1823
IGR J14488–4008 14:48:50.98 -40:08:47.12 0.123 1540
4C +63.22 15:23:45.8 +63:39:24.8 0.204 709
Mrk 1498 16:28:03.8 +51:46:30.7 0.05 1204
4C +34.47 17:23:20.6 +34:18:00.3 0.206 817
IGR J17488–2338 17:48:38.9 -23:35:26.8 0.24 1415
PKS 2014–55 20:18:01.0 -55:39:28.8 0.06 1484
4C +74.26 20:42:36.7 +75:08:02.7 0.104 1211
PKS 2331–240 23:33:55.25 -23:43:41.76 0.048 1174
PKS 2356–61 23:59:03.9 -60:54:59.7 0.096 718
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Recently added objects from Bassani et al. (2020)
Name RA DEC z LS (kpc)
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SWIFT J0225.8+5946 02:26:26.15 +59:27:53.0 - -
SWIFT J0632.1-5404 06:32:00.95 -54:04:55.89 0.20 1003
SWIFT J0636.5-20368 06:36:32.16 -20:34:53.35 0.05 950
SWIFT J0801.7+4764 08:01:31.96 +47:36:16.06 0.16 970
SWIFT J1153.9+5848 11:53:23.927 +58:31:38.501 0.20 840
SWIFT J1238.4+5349 12:38:07.77 +53:25:55.90 0.35 780
IGR J13107–5626 13:10:36.90 -56 26 56.31 0.09 710
SWIFT J1503.7+6850 15:04:13.10 +68:56:10.5 0.32 870
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Results Highlights
Papers
Hard X-ray selected giant radio galaxies – III. The LOFAR view, G. Bruni et al. (in press.), astro-ph
Soft gamma-ray selected giant radio galaxies: an update, L. Bassani, F. Ursini, A. Malizia et al. 2020, MNRAS 500, 3111
Hard X-ray selected giant radio galaxies – II. Morphological evidence of restarted radio activity, G. Bruni, F. Panessa, L. Bassani et al. 2020, MNRAS 494, 902
A young and obscured AGN embedded in the giant radio galaxy Mrk 1498, L. Hernandez-Garcia, F. Panessa, L. Bassani, MNRAS, 489, 4049
A Discovery of Young Radio Sources in the Cores of Giant Radio Galaxies Selected at Hard X-Rays, G. Bruni, F. Panessa, L. Bassani et al. 2019, ApJL 875, 88
Hard X-ray-selected giant radio galaxies - I. The X-ray properties and radio connection, F. Ursini, L. Bassani, F. Panessa et al. 2018, MNRAS, 481, 4250
Variable broad lines and outflow in the weak blazar PBC J2333.9-2343, L. Hernandez-Garcia, G. Vietri, F. Panessa, MNRAS, 478, 4634
Restarting activity in the nucleus of PBC J2333.9-2343. An extreme case of jet realignment, L. Hernandez-Garcia, F. Panessa, M. Giroletti et al. 2017, A&A, 603, A131
Soft γ-ray selected radio galaxies: favouring giant size discovery, L. Bassani, T. Venturi, M. Molina et al. 2016, MNRAS, 461, 3165
Slides
A high fraction of restarting sources in soft gamma-ray selected giant radio galaxies, G. Bruni, 12th INTEGRAL conference, Geneva 11-15 February 2019
High-energy view of hard X-ray selected radio galaxies, F. Ursini, 12th INTEGRAL conference, Geneva 11-15 February 2019