Abstract

The female population of Cambodia accounts for 51.2% of the total population. COVID-19 has had a major impact on people’s living conditions including health and mental health. The country had been locked down partially, and Stigma among people with Covid-19, Gender-based violence, and Severe Socio-Economic impact.

our objective is to reduce the consequences of the long-haul Covid-19 pandemic on health as well as the socio-economic development of the country.

The approach is to distribute different kinds of vaccines to people starting from the places where Covid-19 infections are worst. Improved healthcare delivery and treatment management, infection prevention, and disease control in terms of public health measures through the establishment of temporary hospitals to accommodate covid-19 patients; management of border crossings to receive large numbers of Cambodian workers returning from abroad.

People with covid-19 cases were recovery were 134,757; death cases were 3,056; imported cases were 21,234. The percentage of the total vaccinated population was 94.98% of the total population.

The total number of OPD and IPD patients who visited health facilities in 2019-2021 was 298403 (F: 61241). Total patients with severe Anxiety disorders admitted were 7,337 (F: 5,439); Severe depressive disorder was 2,784 (F: 2,059); all form of psychotic disorders was 1,711 (F: 981).

The pandemic has ravaged the world, region, and Cambodia for more than 2 years. From the initial infection, Covid-19 has changed the way people living anyway with it. Although most people have been vaccinated, they still cannot eradicate the effect of Covid-19. After the confirmed cases are recovered, the sequala of Covid-19 diseases needs to be identified and to recover the economy, the country needs to be opened.

Filed of Interest

1. General Interest
- Health Care Services Quality Improvement
- Health Smart Technology

2. Specific Professional Interest
- Liaison Psychiatry
- Community Mental Health/Psychiatric Service Development (Anxiety, Depression, Psychosis, Suicide Prevention)

Abstract

A recent study published in the peer-reviewed infectious-disease journal, GERMS, suggests that 66.5 percent of Indonesian Covid-19 survivors aged 18 – 40 years old experience persistent symptoms more than 4 weeks after they tested negative for the coronavirus. The number exceed the estimated rate of global prevalence of 43 percent. And how about the older adults patients ? We still have no data about this. But, in the field, older adults survivors also experienced long covid symptoms. Symptoms that linked to their mental, cognitive and behavior problems have an impact on the overall management especially rehabilitation. Post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and brain fog are mental health problems that linked to the long covid on older adults patients. Same with the adult group, female elderly are more likely have a greater percentage of long covid. They experienced at least 2 of the mental health problems. Early psychoeducation about mental health problem linked to post covid could reduce the anxiety symptoms because of “stigma” burden of having mental health problems and build great support from the family. Non pharmacotherapy approach based on mindfulness in motion to exercise and in breathing rehabilitation really helped older patients to adhere the rehabilitation programs. Elderly patients and caregivers/caretakers needs comprehensive assessment and management from interdisciplinary-team to help them manage the persistent symptoms.

Keywords : long covid, mental health, elderly patients

Filed of Interest

Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Abstract

Psychiatric patients are often concerned about the potential interactions between the newly approved COVID-19 vaccines and psychotropic drugs like antidepressants. We did a systematic scooping review article aims to clear the polemics of COVID-19 vaccine-antidepressants interaction in these 3 aspects: (1) cytokines and cytochrome P450 pathway, (2) blood-brain barrier (BBB) involvement and (3) and its interaction with polyethylene glycol (PEG), the potential allergenic culprit following COVID-19 vaccination.

Our findings showed that antidepressants metabolism often involve the CYP450 enzymes. Vaccine-antidepressants interactions are probable, likely to be triggered by interactions of CYP450 enzymes and inflammatory cytokines, resulting in diminished drug metabolism and chemical detoxification. Aside, PEG, the excipient in mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines and antidepressants, has been reported as the anaphylaxis causative allergen. However, whether it leads to a synergistic, potentiation or antagonistic effects when used in combination, remains to be elucidated.

In conclusion, psychotropic medications, including antidepressants, showed potentially relevant safety risk for COVID-19 patients. These vulnerable patient group must be prioritized for early access to safe and efficacious COVID-19 vaccines, as vaccination remains the most important public health intervention to tackle the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Filed of Interest

General Psychiatry, Mood Disorder, Psycho-oncology,
Palliative Psychiatry Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics

Abstract

After almost 3 years of battling the COVID-19 pandemic, we now know very well how to medically manage the disease and control the continued spread of SARS-Cov2. However, it is becoming apparent that the disease does not just impact the patient, but also their families, especially those who lost family members, and most especially their communities. Apparently, majority of COVID 19 patients fully recover physically, however the long-term psychosocial recovery is not ascertained. Moreover, those who survived severe to critical disease also had to battle possible long COVID-19 physical symptoms that are currently attributed to their existing comorbidities. Studies looking into these symptoms among patients who had COVID-19 were just recently undertaken in the Philippines.

During the early phase of the Pandemic, Michael Tee, et al., conducted research entitled “Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines” by doing an online survey among 1879 respondents and found that one-fourth of the respondents reported moderate-to-severe anxiety, one-seventh reported moderate-to-severe stress levels and one-sixth reported moderate-to-severe depression and psychological impact of the outbreak. Several factors were identified to cause negative and positive impacts which guided the policy makers to develop appropriate response efforts like scaling up the National Center for Mental Health Hotline and encouraging Local Government Units to establish psychosocial support teams. It eventually resulted to the Nationwide launching of the Lusog-Isip mobile application, which asses mental health status and offers interactive activities aimed at improving the mental well-being of the user.

Addressing these resulting psychological conditions entails addressing the social factors that affects it which was extensively described in the review done by of Souvik Dubey, et. al, entitled “Psychosocial Impact of COVID-19” which are: “coronaphobia” due to infodemic; economic depression due to lockdowns; separation due to quarantine and isolations; adequacy and stability of the Health Care Provider/System, quality of relationship among support groups (family, relatives, caregivers) especially among the vulnerable and marginalized populations. To these the Philippine Government enacted the Bayanihan, Heal as One Act, it mobilized resources to provide unified strategic guidance through its Prevent, Detect, Isolate, Treat, Re-integrate plus Vaccination (PDITR + V) approach; adequate PPEs and compensation to healthcare workers and economic assistance through the Social Amelioration Program.

Long COVID-19, therefore, is more than just the physical conditions thingers after contracting the disease, it is the psychosocial state of the patient long after physically recovering from the illness that matters most.

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The covid 19 pandemic caused cataclysmic changes all over the world. Now, after more than two and half years, it continues to cause major public health problems in every country in the world, as many people who contracted covid continue to experience varied and numerous distressing symptoms for months after their initial diagnosis. This syndrome of multiple, complex, disabling symptoms weeks and months after the covid infection is referred to as “Long covid”. Yet, there are no widely agreed definition or diagnostic criteria for long covid.

After few introductory comments about lessons learnt from past pandemics, and current ignorance about various aspects of covid, the presentation will explore how Australian Government and its Department of Health is currently dealing with long covid. As the health, social, educational and economic impacts of long covid are not known, the Australian parliament has recently launched an inquiry focusing on these issues by the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Health. The terms of reference for the inquiry include a focus on patient experience, experience of health care providers, and best practice responses. Inquiry committee will engage with researchers, peak bodies, members of the public, mental health organizations and state and federal governments.

The presentation will also throw light on how mental health care is changing, post-covid, all over the world, with steady growth of tele-mental health care.