Methodology

What is the standard protocol for eDNA species detection?

The activities in the professional practice were carried out over the span of 6 weeks and mirrored the activities of the PhD student as part of the first year of research. A brief outline of the standard eDNA protocol is shown below. The method varies on whether it is used for eDNA detection or population diversity assessment.

What activities did I perform?

I performed different kinds of techniques at the ARENA research group at the University of Oviedo as well as at the company, EcoHydros. I also wrote three informative reports on certain topics in eDNA during my 6 weeks of the professional practice.

eDNA filtration of common octopus and European eel samples

Tissue dissection of eel samples to prepare for eDNA extraction

eDNA extraction of European eel samples at EcoHydros

eDNA extraction of octopus samples at University of Oviedo

Report writing on the applications of eDNA in fisheries & conservation

Weighing of soil samples to preDNA extraction from soil

Performing independent eDNA extraction of soil samples at EcoHydros

Loading of samples to check for presence of eDNA eel samples

What I learned?

For eDNA quantification, digital droplet PCR is more accurate, sensitive and less prone to PCR inhibition in comparison to current eDNA quantification techniques.
European eels are critically endangered due to electrofishing practices and infection by nematode parasites. Therefore, eDNA can be used as a non-invasive tool to detect diseases and assess eel populations.
Contamination issues during every step of the eDNA protocol is common and extreme care and precaution need to be taken to minimize chances of error.
Traditional population monitoring and assessment techniques are outdated and can cause injury to populations of target species like common octopus. Hence, eDNA metabarcoding approaches are advantageous for safe and real-time monitoring of the diversity of these endangered populations.

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