Effect of Project-Based Flood Mapping on Generation Z’s Mitigation

Attitude

Fadel Faturrachman1, Risma Margaretha Sinaga1, Sugeng Widodo1

1Master of Social Science Education,

FKIP Universitas Lampung

Jl. Prof. Dr. Sumantri Brojonegoro No. 1, Gedong Meneng, Bandar Lampung,

Lampung 35145, Indonesia

fadelsma7bdl@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This study examines the effect of a Project‐Based Learning (PjBL) model, centred on creating

flood hazard maps, on flood disaster mitigation attitudes among Generation Z students at SMA

Negeri 7 Bandar Lampung. A quantitative causal design was employed with a cluster random

sample of 70 grade X students. Data collection involved validated and reliable questionnaires

(Cronbach’s α = 0.92) and analyses were performed using path analysis and regression

techniques. Results show a significant direct effect of PjBL on mitigation attitudes (β = 0.677,

p < 0.001) and of disaster knowledge on mitigation attitudes (β = 0.323, p < 0.001). The PjBL

model also exhibited a strong positive relationship with disaster knowledge (r = 0.782, p <

0.001). Indirect effects of PjBL on attitudes via knowledge were 0.529 and 0.252, yielding a

total indirect effect of 0.781 and a total effect of 1.206. A simultaneous F‐test confirmed that

PjBL and disaster knowledge together significantly influenced mitigation attitudes (F(2, 67) =

125.697, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that integrating map‐making projects into learning

can effectively enhance both knowledge and proactive attitudes toward flood disaster

mitigation among youth.

Keywords: Project‐Based Learning, Flood Hazard Mapping, Disaster Mitigation Attitude,

Path Analysis, Generation Z

Community-based adaptation framework to flood: A scoping review

Musa Mustapha Danraka1,2 Sapura Bt Mohamad1 Siti Nur Hannah Binti Ismail1

1Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

81310, Johor Bahru. Malaysia

2Department of Architectural Technology, School of Environmental Studies,

Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic,

P.M.B 1061, 810241, Zaria. Kaduna State. Nigeria

danraka@graduate.utm.my

ABSTRACT

Flooding events have experienced an escalation in both frequency and severity, thus presenting

significant obstacles to communities residing in flood-prone areas. To enhance community

resilience and diminish susceptibility to future flood occurrences, it is imperative to develop

and implement efficacious frameworks for Community-Based Adaptation (CBA). This scoping

evaluation undertakes a critical examination of the extant frameworks for CBA to floods,

identifying prevailing themes and trends within them. A comprehensive investigation of

scholarly literature was performed to gather data, employing the reputable Google Scholar

database. With a specific focus on the amalgamation of economic, social, and environmental

facets, the evaluation scrutinises existing literature, encompassing academic articles and

reports, to discern the fundamental components requisite for an effective CBA framework to

flood. By considering the economic and social milieu, the local environment, and the hazards

of flooding, this review investigates strategies that can augment community resilience and

reduce vulnerability. The outcomes of this review elucidate the current state of knowledge

within the field of CBA. To flood through the identification of emerging themes and trends, this

review will inform future research endeavours and steer the development of more

comprehensive and efficacious frameworks for CBA to flood.

Keywords: Community-based adaptation; CBA; Flood; Flood resilience; Frameworks;

Scoping review

Community-Based Adaptation to Flood in Semi-Arid Regions: Successes

and Gaps in Ringim, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Musa Mustapha Danraka1,2 Sapura Bt Mohamad1 Siti Nur Hannah Binti Ismail1

1Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

2Department of Architectural Technology, School of Environmental Studies,

Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic,

P.M.B 1061, 810241, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

danraka@graduate.utm.my

ABSTRACT

Flooding presents a significant challenge to semi-arid regions, where extreme weather patterns

are becoming more frequent due to climate change. This study evaluates community-based

adaptation (CBA) strategies for flood management in Ringim, Jigawa State, Nigeria. The

research investigates the effectiveness of local initiatives aimed at mitigating flood impacts and

identifies both successes and gaps in the implementation of these strategies. The study utilises

semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with community members, local

authorities, and stakeholders involved in flood adaptation projects. Data were analysed using

thematic analysis in QSR NVivo to uncover codes and themes regarding community

engagement, the effectiveness of adaptation strategies, and the challenges faced. Findings show

that while CBA initiatives have helped reduce vulnerability to flooding by improving local

awareness and fostering community action, issues such as insufficient funding, lack of

infrastructural support, and poor integration of local knowledge into formal planning persist.

The study concludes that enhancing flood resilience in Ringim requires not only scaling up

successful community-based efforts but also addressing institutional and policy barriers. The

study recommends further exploration into long-term flood management solutions, particularly

in enhancing the role of local knowledge in flood forecasting and in ensuring sustainable

funding mechanisms for adaptation projects.

Keywords: Community-Based Adaptation; Flood Management; Ringim; Flood Resilience;

Local Knowledge Integration

Potential of Filtered Sago Effluent in Large-Scale Algal Culture for Single Cell Protein

Fara Izmyra Muzafar Shah1 and Kopli Bujang2

1 Faculty of Resource Science and Technology,

Universiti Malaysia Sarawak

94300 Kota Samarahan. Sarawak.

2 Faculty of Agrotechnology and Applied Sciences

i-CATS University College,

93350 Kuching. Sarawak.

kopli@icats.edu.my

ABSTRACT

Sago effluent has a great potential for algal cultivation to produce single cell protein with high

protein content while concomitantly remediating the effluent by reducing the nitrate and

sulphate contents. In a pilot-scale trial, Arthrospira platensis was cultured in covered 300 L

plastic tanks in an open area under direct sunlight. Three types of media were studied

(Amended Tap Water, ATW; mixture of Amended Tap Water and Filtered Sago Effluent,

ATWFSE; and Amended Filtered Sago Effluent, AFSE), all were amended with 5 g/L NaHCO3,

1.5 g/L NaNO3 and 1 g/L K2HPO4. The highest average biomass concentration (as DCW) was

observed in ATWFSE at 0.643 ± 0.06 g/L followed by AFSE and ATW at 0.418 ± 0.03 g/L and

0.324 ± 0.06 g/L, respectively. High protein content was recorded in AFSE and ATWFSE, both

at around 4% (equivalent to 40kg/t) and lowest in ATW at 0.8%. A. platensis also can be useful

wastewater remediation as it can reduce the nitrate and sulphate content in the wastewater. In

this study, almost complete nitrate removal was observed in both ATWFSE and AFSE culture

media in just over two weeks. Subsequently, sulphate removal in ATW, ATWFSE, and AFSE

was at 86%, 74% and 63.88%, respectively. Hence, sago effluent can be used to cultivate A.

platensis in a large-scale process to produce protein and concomitantly act as a

bioremediation agent by removing nitrate and consuming phosphorus in sago wastewater.

Keywords: Arthrospira platensis, sago effluent, wastewater remediation, single cell protein.

Does Knowledge Sharing Mediate the Relationship between Training and

Development on Employee Performance? Case of Food and Beverages

Industry

Nur Constance Wah*, Lai Li Ru, Azuriaty Atang

Department of Business Management, Faculty of Economics and Business,

Universiti Malaysia Sarawak

94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak

wnconstance@unimas.my

ABSTRACT

The food and beverage industry in Sarawak is dynamic with strong growth prospects driven by

local culture, tourism, and a robust agriculture based. The rise of urbanisation and the growth

of middle to upper class has contributed to the market potential. Recognising the importance

of employee performance in this food and beverages industry, the study seeks to investigate in

what way knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between training and development and

employee performance. Using social exchange theory as the underpinning theory, seven

hypotheses were tested. The study utilised quantitative methods and through statistical analysis,

the study examines the direct and indirect effects of training and development on employees

performance while examining the mediating effect of knowledge sharing. The results suggested

that effective training, development and fostering learning culture should be implemented

within the food and beverage industry. This study provides improvement in employee

performance and contributes to overall business success in the food and beverage industry.

Keywords: Training, Development, Employee Performance, Knowledge Sharing, Social

Exchange Theory

What Motivates Muzakki in Sarawak to Fulfill Zakat on Gold and Silver?

Uncovering the Underlying Factors

Norfarizan Johar*, Nur Constance Wah

Department of Business Management, Faculty of Economics and Business,

Universiti Malaysia Sarawak

94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak

jnorfarizan@unimas.my*

ABSTRACT

Zakat on gold and silver has a potential social impact on the community. There is a significant

knowledge gap and non-compliance with zakat on gold and silver, especially among the

Muzakki in Sarawak. This paper aims to comprehend the factors leading to the compliance in

zakat on gold and silver among Muzakki in Sarawak and to investigate the relationship between

those factors. A quantitative method was conducted, involving 378 respondents from various

backgrounds throughout Sarawak. The questionnaire was distributed through social media

platforms and covered five key factors: compliance of zakat, knowledge, attitude, social and

perception. The findings highlighted that the attitude, social, and perception as the most

prominent factors and are statistically significant associated with the compliance in zakat on

gold and silver among Muzakki in Sarawak, Malaysia. These findings emphasise the need for

educational programs, community engagement, collaboration with industry players, perception

management and policy enactment to enhance zakat compliance rates among Muzakki in

Sarawak, these contribute to social welfare in a wider scope.

Keywords: Attitude, Compliance, Demographics, Knowledge, Muzakki, Compliance of Zakat

Exploring Sesar Unjur: Sarawak Traditional Smoked Shrimp

Nur Hidayah Zakaria*, Nadzirah Maripat, Evelyn Wong, Siti Nazfarahdila Annuar, Nur

Qamariyah Khan Akhtar Khan

Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, i-CATS University College, Sarawak

Jalan Stampin Timur, 93350, Kuching, Sarawak

hidayah@icats.edu.my

ABSTRACT

This research was to find out the background and history of Sesar Unjur in understanding the

culture of the Melanau community. The Melanau people, an indigenous community in Sarawak,

has strong affinity for fishery products, which have sustained their livelihoods for generations.

Despite its significance, there is a limited review focusing specifically on Sesar Unjur.

Therefore, this review article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of various

aspects of Sesar Unjur including its background and history, cultural significance, ingredients

and techniques, health and nutrition value, potential hazards, as well as future, challenge and

prospect of Sesar Unjur industry. This review also will compare Sesar Unjur with other smoked

shrimp or prawn processes from different countries. This article uses secondary data as a

research method tool in understanding culture from previous studies and other documented

data related to the matter. This study only focuses on gaining knowledge about heritage foods

known as Sesar Unjur and its smoked processing. Therefore, academic journals and several

books in the field of gastronomy, hospitality and tourism were selected for analysis.

Keywords: Sesar Unjur; smoked shrimp; traditional food; Sarawak; Melanau

Parents’ Acceptance on Teachers’ Recommendation to Refer Their

Children For Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis: A Qualitative Study

Nor Faizah Abdul Wahab1*, Faizul Ayupp Dino2

1Faculty of Education, 2Faculty of Economics, Business & Accounting

i-CATS University College, Sarawak

faizah@icats.edu.my

ABSTRACT

This qualitative study explores the reasons behind parents’ acceptance and reactions to

teachers’ suggestions for referring children for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis. To

collect original data, the research used direct interviews with participants. Five parents, each

with experience in referring their children for ASD diagnosis, took part in the interviews. When

hearing the teacher’s suggestion, parents showed a range of reactions, including anger,

disbelief and denial. These responses seemed to stem from factors such as emotional state, the

teacher’s approach and parents’ understanding of ASD. Despite their initial feelings towards

the recommendations, parents generally showed willingness to seek an ASD diagnosis for their

children. The study also gathered useful advice from parents aimed at improving the acceptance

of teacher suggestions. One key point involved the need for teachers to adjust their approach

when delivering difficult information. Parental acceptance of these recommendations matters

because early detection of ASD allows children to receive special education that supports their

development effectively. The data have been collected through semi-structured interviews

involving five parents. The data were analysed using thematic methods to determine main

themes pertaining parental acceptance and reactions to teacher recommendation.

Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Acceptance; Reaction; Diagnosis; Teacher; Parent;

Children.