Programming is the process of writing instructions for a computer to follow. These instructions tell the computer what to do and how to do it. In video game development, programming is used to control everything from how characters move to how levels are created and how the game reacts to player actions.

1. • What are they?
     A variable is like a storage box where you can keep information. It can hold different types of data, like numbers, text, or even images.

   • Example in Games:

     • A variable might store the player's score, the number of lives remaining, or the position of a character in the game world.

     • For instance, score = 0 might represent the player's score at the start of the game.

1. • What are they?
     Data types define what kind of data can be stored in a variable. Common data types include:

     • Integer (whole numbers): For things like score, player health, or number of coins collected.

     • Float (decimal numbers): For precise measurements like character speed or position.

     • String (text): For storing names, dialogue, or messages.

   • Example in Games:

playerHealth = 100 (integer)

playerMoney = 120.56 (float)

playerName = "Mario" (string)

1. • What are they?
     Conditions allow the game to make decisions. An if-else statement checks whether a condition is true or false and then runs a block of code based on that.

   • Example in Games:

     • If the player’s health reaches 0, the game might end.

if playerHealth <= 0{
room_goto(Game_Over_Screen)
}

1. • • Otherwise, continue playing.

1. • What are they?
     Loops repeat a section of code multiple times. They are useful for tasks that need to happen over and over, such as updating the position of the player or checking if a button has been pressed.

   • Example in Games:

     • A game might constantly check if the player is pressing the jump button:

while playerIsJumping{
movePlayerUp()
}

1. • What are they?
     Functions are blocks of code that can be reused. You write a function once, then call it whenever you need it. Functions make your code more organized and easier to manage.

   • Example in Games:

     • A function might control the jumping action of a character:

def jump():
playerPosition += jumpHeight

1. • •  This function only needs to be written once but could be called by any character or enemy within the game.

1. • What are they?
     Arrays (or lists) are used to store multiple items in a single variable. They can be useful for managing groups of similar things, like enemies in a game or levels in a game world.

   • Example in Games:

     • A list of enemies might be stored in an array:

enemies = ["Goblin", "Dragon", "Skeleton"]

Programming is the process of giving a computer instructions to perform tasks. It forms the basis of how computers function, enabling them to solve problems and automate processes. Core concepts include variables, which store data like numbers, text, or other values, and data types, which define the kind of information variables can hold, such as integers, strings, or decimals. Conditions (if-else statements) allow programs to make decisions based on whether certain criteria are met, while loops are used to repeat actions multiple times, simplifying repetitive tasks. Functions help organize reusable blocks of code, making programs more efficient and easier to manage, while arrays store multiple pieces of related data, such as a list of items or a series of values. Together, these principles form the foundation of programming, enabling computers to execute complex tasks effectively.