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What are organic compounds?
- Compounds of living things
- Contain carbon
- Associated with life processes
4 MAJOR CATEGORIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
4 MAJOR CATEGORIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
FOUND IN ALL LIVING THINGS
FOUND IN ALL LIVING THINGS
CARBOHYDRATES:
- quick sources of energy
- Elements - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
- Monomer - Simple carbohydrates are made or composed of monosaccharides
- glucose is an important monosaccharide; basic form of fuel in living things
- starting material for cellular respiration
- main product of photosynthesis
Carbohydrates and digestion:
- begins in the mouth when saliva mixes with the food
- saliva is an enzyme that begins the breakdown of carbohydrates
- Chemical digestion of carbohydrates is completed in the small intestine.
LIPIDS:
- Long term energy storage
- Builds cell membranes
- Insulator (keeps organisms warm)
- Monomers- fatty acids and glycerol
- Elements - Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
Chemical Digestion:
- Breakdown occurs in the small intestines
- Bile from the liver breaks down the fat globules
- Enzymes from the pancreas breaks down the fat droplets
PROTEINS:
- Builds muscle
- Help immune system
- Make up enzymes that do important things in the body
- Monomer - amino acids
- Elements - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
Chemical Digestion:
- Begins in the stomach with the enzyme pepsin
- Completes in the small intestines with an enzyme released by the pancreas
Nucleic Acids:
- Code genetic traits
- Monomer - Nucleotides
- Elements - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
Chemical Digestion:
- Takes place in the small intestines
- Pancreas releases an enzyme that breaks down the Nucleic acids
Organic Compound Mneumonic:
- Carbohydrates - CHO
- Lipids - CHO
- Proteins - CHON
- Nucleic Acids - CHONP
- Carbon - C
- Hydrogen - H
- Oxygen - O
- Nitrogen - N
- Phosphorus - P
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