Attend the theory class and submit assignment photos.
Pass the multiple-choice quiz (10 questions) with a score of at least 60%.
Definition: The frame is divided into a 3x3 grid (two horizontal and two vertical lines). Place the subject along these lines or at their intersections.
Application:
Use the grid overlay on your camera to compose your shot.
Place horizons, people, or focal points off-center for a balanced composition.
Implications:
Creates a more dynamic and visually appealing image.
Directs the viewer’s eye naturally across the frame.
Prevents overly static or boring compositions.
Definition: Use natural or artificial lines (e.g., roads, rivers, fences) to guide the viewer’s eye toward the subject or through the image.
Application:
Look for lines in your environment (e.g., paths, bridges, or shadows).
Position your subject at the endpoint of these lines.
Implications:
Adds depth and perspective to your image.
Makes the composition more engaging by directing the viewer’s attention.
Works well in landscapes, architecture, and street photography.
Definition: Use elements in the scene (like windows, doors, or tree branches) to create a "frame" around your subject.
Application:
Find natural or structural frames in the environment.
Position your subject within the frame to emphasize them.
Implications:
Isolates and highlights the subject.
Adds depth and draws the viewer’s eye directly to the focal point.
Helps create a stronger sense of context or storytelling.
Definition: The empty or uncluttered area around the subject that emphasizes and isolates it.
Application:
Use plain backgrounds (e.g., sky, ocean, or a plain wall).
Place the subject in a small portion of the frame, leaving most of it empty.
Implications:
Directs attention to the subject by reducing distractions.
Creates a sense of simplicity, calmness, or isolation.
Works well in minimalist and abstract photography.
Definition: Create a composition where both sides of the image are identical or nearly identical, either horizontally, vertically, or radially.
Application:
Look for symmetrical scenes (e.g., reflections, architecture, or patterns).
Position your subject perfectly centered or along the axis of symmetry.
Implications:
Evokes a sense of stability, harmony, and balance.
Works well in architecture, nature, and abstract photography.
Can feel static, so it’s often combined with other techniques (e.g., leading lines).
Definition: Incorporating elements at different distances (foreground, midground, and background) to create depth and dimension.
Application:
Position objects or textures in the foreground (e.g., rocks, flowers).
Use midground and background elements to add context and layers.
Implications:
Enhances the 3D feel of the image.
Encourages the viewer to explore the image in layers.
Works well in landscape and environmental photography.
Definition: Use repeated shapes, colors, or objects to create rhythm and harmony in the frame.
Application:
Look for repetitive elements in architecture, nature, or urban settings.
Break the pattern intentionally (e.g., a single different object in the pattern) to create a focal point.
Implications:
Creates visual interest and rhythm.
A break in the pattern adds emphasis to the focal point.
Works well in architectural and still-life photography.
Definition: A mathematical ratio (approximately 1:1.618) that divides the frame in a way that feels naturally balanced and pleasing.
Application:
Use overlays (e.g., a Fibonacci spiral) to position your subject along the curve or intersections.
Place focal points or lines proportionally based on the Golden Ratio.
Implications:
Creates compositions that feel harmonious and naturally balanced.
More advanced than the Rule of Thirds but similar in concept.
Works well in fine art, nature, and portrait photography.
Definition: Include an odd number of elements in the frame (e.g., 3, 5, or 7) because odd numbers are visually more dynamic than even ones.
Application:
Arrange elements in odd groupings (e.g., three flowers or five chairs).
Use odd numbers of subjects in group portraits or still-life compositions.
Implications:
Avoids symmetry or static compositions.
Creates a natural sense of balance and interest.
Works well in still life, group portraits, and nature photography.
Definition: Place contrasting elements (e.g., old vs. new, big vs. small) side by side to highlight differences.
Application:
Look for contrasts in size, age, color, or shape (e.g., an old building next to a modern skyscraper).
Frame the elements together intentionally.
Implications:
Creates tension or intrigue in the image.
Highlights relationships or contrasts between elements.
Works well in street, conceptual, and documentary photography.
定義： 將畫面分為 3x3 的九宮格（兩條水平線和兩條垂直線），將主體放置在這些線上或它們的交點上。
應用：
使用相機的九宮格輔助線構圖。
將地平線、人或焦點放在畫面偏心的位置，避免置於正中央。
影響：
創造更具動態和視覺吸引力的照片。
自然地引導觀眾的視線穿過畫面。
避免過於靜態或單調的構圖。
定義： 使用自然或人造的線條（如道路、河流、柵欄等）將觀眾的視線引向主體或穿過畫面。
應用：
在周圍環境中尋找線條（如小徑、橋樑或陰影）。
將主體放置在這些線條的終點或交匯處。
影響：
增加畫面的深度和透視感。
使構圖更具吸引力，吸引觀眾的注意力。
非常適合用於風景、建築和街頭攝影。
定義： 利用場景中的元素（如窗戶、門、樹枝）在主體周圍創造一個「框架」。
應用：
在環境中尋找自然或人工的框架。
將主體放置於框架內以突出其重要性。
影響：
突出並強調主體。
增加畫面的深度，引導觀眾的視線聚焦於主體。
幫助構建更完整的場景或故事。
定義： 主體周圍的空白或簡潔區域，用於強調和孤立主體。
應用：
使用簡單的背景（如天空、海洋或牆壁）。
將主體放置在畫面的一小部分，保留大部分的負空間。
影響：
通過減少干擾將注意力集中在主體上。
創造簡約、平靜或孤立的感覺。
非常適合極簡和抽象攝影。
定義： 創造一個左右或上下對稱的構圖，可以是水平、垂直或輻射對稱。
應用：
尋找對稱的場景（如倒影、建築或圖案）。
將主體精確地放置在對稱軸上。
影響：
產生穩定性、和諧與平衡感。
適用於建築、自然和抽象攝影。
若過度使用可能顯得靜態，因此通常與其他技巧結合使用（如引導線）。
定義： 在畫面中加入不同距離的元素（前景、中景和背景）以創造深度與層次感。
應用：
在前景中放置物體或紋理（如岩石、花朵）。
利用中景和背景元素增強畫面的故事性與層次感。
影響：
提升畫面的立體感。
鼓勵觀眾探索畫面的每一層次。
適合風景和環境人像攝影。
定義： 使用重複的形狀、顏色或物體來創造視覺上的節奏與和諧感。
應用：
在建築、自然或城市環境中尋找重複元素。
刻意打破圖案（如一個特殊的物體）以創造焦點。
影響：
增加視覺趣味與節奏感。
打破重複的元素能讓主體更加突出。
非常適合建築和靜物攝影。
定義： 根據數學比例（約 1:1.618）劃分畫面，創造自然平衡且和諧的構圖。
應用：
使用螺旋形覆蓋（如 Fibonacci 螺旋）將主體置於曲線或線段的關鍵位置。
根據黃金比例調整焦點或線條。
影響：
創造和諧且自然的構圖。
與三分法類似，但更複雜和進階。
適合藝術、自然和人像攝影。
定義： 在畫面中包含奇數的元素（如 3、5 或 7），因為奇數比偶數更具視覺動態感。
應用：
將三個物體或五個人物放在畫面中。
在靜物或人像構圖中避免偶數分佈。
影響：
避免對稱性或靜態構圖。
創造自然的平衡與趣味性。
適合靜物、群體人像和自然攝影。
定義： 將對比的元素（如舊與新、大與小）並列在畫面中以強調差異。
應用：
尋找大小、顏色或形狀的對比（如舊建築與現代摩天樓）。
有意地將對比元素組合在一起。
影響：
創造畫面的張力或趣味性。
突出元素之間的關係或對立。
非常適合街頭、概念及紀實攝影。