5. Cell Growth and Reproduction

Biology Keystone Exam Assessment Anchors:

  • BIO.B.1: Cell Growth and Reproduction

    • BIO.B.1.1: Describe the three stages of the cell cycle: interphase, nuclear division, cytokinesis.

      • BIO.B.1.1.1: Describe the events that occur during the cell cycle: interphase, nuclear division (mitosis or meiosis), and cytokinesis.

      • BIO.B.1.1.2: Compare the processes and outcomes of mitotic and meiotic nuclear divisions.

    • BIO.B.1.2: Explain how genetic information is inherited.

      • BIO.B.1.2.1: Describe how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and/or conservation of genetic information.

      • BIO.B.1.2.2: Explain the functional relationships between DNA, genes, alleles, and chromosomes and their roles in inheritance.

Review Resources:

Review Videos:

Podcast 4.avi

Cell Division (Mitosis and Meiosis)

This podcast created by Meghan Vierick and the Council Rock staff reviews the processes involved in the life cycle of the cell. Included in the video are interphase, mitosis, meiosis, and cytokinesis.

DNA Replication with the Amoeba Sisters

In this video, the Amoeba Sisters discuss the steps of DNA replication, the enzymes involved, and what it means to be a leading or lagging strand. This video also reviews information about where and when DNA replication occurs, why we need to make more DNA, and what is meant by 5' and 3'.

Transcription and Translation

In this Amoeba Sisters short, the events of transcription and translation (steps in protein synthesis) are explored. This short, in under 60 seconds, allows a viewer to compare the location of both processes, which type(s) of RNA is/are involved, and the main function of both steps.

DNA vs RNA with the Amoeba Sisters

This video explains several reasons why proteins are so important before explaining the roles of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA in the steps of protein synthesis. Vocabulary in this video includes DNA, mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA. This video mentions that proteins can be made of 1 or more polypeptide chains and that proteins typically experience folding and other modifications (to be functional proteins). Codons and the amino acids they code for is represented by standard charts.

How to Read a Codon Chart

Protein Synthesis with the Ameoba Sisters

Explore the steps of transcription and translation in protein synthesis! This video explains several reasons why proteins are so important before explaining the roles of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA in the steps of protein synthesis! Expand details for contents and resources.

The Cell Cycle with the Amoeba Sisters

In this video, explore the cell cycle with the Amoeba Sisters, and view an important example of when the cell cycle is not controlled: cancer. Vocabulary in this video includes the words apoptosis, G1, S, G2, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Positive regulator proteins such as cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases are briefly mentioned as well as a negative regulator protein p53.

Chromosomes and Karyotypes

Explore chromosomes and karyotypes with the Amoeba Sisters! This video explains chromosome structure, how chromosomes are counted, why chromosomes are important, and how they can be arranged in a karyotype! This video also tackles a few misconceptions about how chromosomes.

Mitosis with the Amoeba Sisters

In this video, the Amoeba Sisters walk you through the reason for mitosis with mnemonics for prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. The video covers the importane of mitosis, why the cell cycle needs to be regulated, interphase, DNA, chromosomes, chromosome replication, the stages of mitosis, and cytokinesis.

Mitosis Poem

In this Amoeba Sisters short, Pinky reads her bittersweet mitosis poem. This short, under 60 seconds poem mentions interphase and then stages of mitosis followed by cytokinesis.

Meiosis with the Amoeba Sisters

In this video, the Amoeba Sisters walk you through the mystery of chromosome and chromatid counting in mitosis and meiosis. The video covers the basics of a chromosome structure, the difference between chromosomes and chromatids, counting chromosomes in interphase, the mitosis chromosome chart, and the meiosis chromosome chart.

Mitosis vs Meiosis Comparison with the Amoeba Sisters

In this video, the Amoeba Sisters explore the stages of mitosis and meiosis side by side in this split screen video. Vocabulary reviewed in this video includes chromosome, chromatid, haploid, diploid, crossing over, and homologous chromosomes.

Chromosome Numbers During Division

Confused with how chromosome numbers change in mitosis and meiosis? The Amoeba Sisters walk you through the mystery of chromosome and chromatid counting in mitosis and meiosis.

Mutations with the Amoeba Sisters

In this video, the Amoeba Sisters discuss gene and chromosome mutations and explore the significance of these changes.

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