Ke awa lau o Pu‘uloa          

Anʻāina momona that once nourished 12 ahupuaʻa. There is evidence of "at least 30 loko i`a and acres of loʻi kalo" that used to exist in Pu`uloa.  

After western contact and the privatization of land, this led to Native Hawaiian dispossession and the growth of the sugar industry. In 1875 the Reciprocity Treaty with the U.S. was enacted which allowed Hawai`i to sell products in the U.S. with no tariff. However, in exchange the U.S. received portions of Pu`uloa. 

The U.S. backed overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom occured in 1893. More areas of Pu`uloa was acquired by the U.S. army apart of a "Coastal Defense System" plan that was negotiated during 1904 - 1921. Possession transferred to the Navy in 1915, and it became known as a military reservation. 

By 1927, sugar cultivation was extensive and drastically impacted food production. Pu`uloa started to become heavily militarized, and was developed into a naval rifle range which later became the "Marine Corps Rifle Range" in 1934. 

Hawai'i experienced the dual effects of being a victim of U.S. imperialism and "an accessory" to its actions during World War II. On December 7, 1941 Pu`uloa was attacked by Japanese forces. 

Mangrove trees were introduced and many were planted on the shorelines of Pu`uloa. They became an invasive species that started to overtake fishponds and sugar crops. 

Housing development began, such as West Loch properties and Iroquois Point neighborhood destroyed the Wahi Pana, Kāhekaheka at Pu‘uloa. Displacement of former residents happened by 1993. The invasive mangrove population further proliferated.

A World War II memorial at Pearl Harbor sits within an operating military base and is a focal "militourism" attraction. Puʻuloa is heavily polluted, and Hawaii News Now reported on a chemical spill of "3,000 gallons of fuel" and AFFF that occurred at the Pearl Harbor base over a year ago, but that information was not made public until May 5, 2023.