Stages for Learning a Second Language

SIOP FOR TEACHING ESOL STUDENTS

The SIOP model (Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol) is a system developed to ensure high quality instruction for English learners in content area teaching.

It allows both concepts and academic vocabulary to be developed in a way that bridges gaps in learning due to language acquisition. This protocol is particularly important for students who are at the initial stages of English language fluency, although all can benefit.

In sheltered instruction, teachers must purposefully speak clearly, utilize visuals and manipulatives, and avoid the overuse of idiomatic phrases. Other things a teacher can do are:

• Use photos, pictures and drawings

• Body movements and pantomime

• Facial expressions and hand gestures

• Short simple sentences

• Make eye contact

• Use high-frequency words

• Support vocabulary development with realia

• More description through the use of synonyms

• Give detailed previews of prior content

• Use sentence frames to support learning

The SIOP protocol works extremely well for learning disabled students too. This is not to equate second language learners as having a disability. The strategies are simply equally effective for a variety of students.