Tane-bangaku
種番楽
"Understanding the regional tradition is one of the best way to understand the area and people there."
-Sayaka Kishi
種番楽
"Understanding the regional tradition is one of the best way to understand the area and people there."
-Sayaka Kishi
Bangaku is a traditional dance performed by people in the Tohoku area for the purpose of entertaining gods. It is said to have originated during the Sengoku period when villagers in Hitachi offered the dance to their feudal lord as a dedication. Additionally, it is also said that when a lord offered the dance to a shrine praying for the recovery of his sick daughter, the daughter fully recovered. Therefore, the dance continued to be performed by people as a prayer for safety and a rich harvest. Tanebangaku, a small category of Bangaku, is passed down in Akita Prefecture and the northern parts of Yamagata Prefecture as the local tradition.
Tanebangaku is held every year from summer (Obon season) to autumn. The purpose of the event is to exorcise evil spirits and pray for peace and bountiful harvests. The performance consists of two main groups: the Mai-kata (dancers) and the Hayashi-kata (musicians), both of which have hereditary system. The Hayashi-kata is made up of Taiko (drums), Kane (bells), and Fue (flutes). The Mai-kata performs a variety of traditional dances in specific order, including Okina-mai (elderly dance), Shikimai (ceremonial dance), Bushi-mai (warrior dance), Onna-mai (women’s dance), Furyu-mai (elegant dance), and Kyogen-mai (comic dance). This series of performances is the origin of the term "Bangaku" because ‘Ban’ means ‘sequence’ in Japanese. The scripts for the performance is usually recorded in a text called Iidatehon (script book), although they are sometimes done improvisationally on the spot as well.
The performance of Tanebangaku, Toriondo in Japanese.
The performance of Tanebangaku, Tsuyubarai in Japanese.
The performance of Tanebangaku, Takadachi in Japanese.
The performance of Tanebangaku, Gongenjishi in Japanese.
You can see the official performance twice a year, on May 3 and August 13, at Kumano Shrine in Noshiro City.
On this day, stages are set up in places like the village community hall, where people of all ages, from children to adults, bring sake and food to gather and enjoy the performances!
"Across Japan, there are countless traditional dances and rituals dedicated to the gods that have been uniquely developed and passed down through generations in different regions. Tane-bangaku is also one of them. Japanese people sometimes collectively refer to such events as "matsuri" (festivals), and I once again realised that this is one of the fascinating aspects of Japanese culture. A "matsuri" embodies the environment, characteristics, and people of its region, so learning about or participating in it helps us understand the region itself. For example, Tane-bangaku is a dance and music performance praying for a good harvest, so it reflects the prosperous agriculture in Akita. I believe such region-specific, interesting traditions should be cherished and preserved. Akita, in particular, is experiencing severe depopulation and an aging population, and the loss of traditional culture due to the shortage of successors, which seems to be an inevitable problem. However, preserving these traditions through digital archives or creating opportunities for the younger generations to learn cultural practices is an effective way to ensure the continuity of tradition. I believe this is an excellent approach to transmitting the diversity and richness of Japanese culture to future generations."
Akita International University. (n.d.). Tanebangaku. https://www.akita-minzoku-geino.jp/archives/ja/6214/
Akita International University. (n.d.). Shishimai&Bangaku. https://www.akita-minzoku-geino.jp/archives/ja/shishimai/
Maire. (2024, August 18). Kugatsu teikikouen no goannai [The information of the regular performance]. https://mai-re.jp/news/
Noshiro City. (2025, August 8). Tanebangaku. https://www.city.noshiro.lg.jp/res/minzoku-geinou/5546
The Noshiro City Folk Performing Arts Association. (2022). Tanebangaku, Gongenjishi. [YouTube]. https://youtu.be/LYlQaIT2pgI?si=u9AK0FabxOSRcenQ
The Noshiro City Folk Performing Arts Association. (2022). Tanebangaku, Takadachi. [YouTube]. https://youtu.be/urha8IuMoFk?si=LG2HevfOCEXAZaTX
The Noshiro City Folk Performing Arts Association. (2022). Tanebangaku Toriondo 1991. [YouTube]. https://youtu.be/mRySN5b3n0w?si=gjvbyZta3MLIX5Ro
The Noshiro City Folk Performing Arts Association. (2022). Tanebangaku Tsuyubarai 1991. [YouTube]. https://youtu.be/xfhdU5K0NLo?si=EnolFLB-qlgKiaKa
Sayaka Kishi