While it is widely assumed among scholars that democratization must be accompanied by secularization in order to succeed, the fact is that religion has historically played a relevant role in the democratization of authoritarian/autocratic regimes and that this effect has at times been positive, rather than negative. The objective of this course is to study the role of religion in the processes of democratization across different religious traditions (Christianity and Islam) and geographic areas (Europe, Latin America, Asia, Africa) of the world in order to acquire a better understanding of the mechanisms that account for the positive or negative influence of religiously-motivated political activism on the emergence and sustainability of democratic regimes.