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Severe flooding is caused by atmospheric conditions that lead to heavy rain or the rapid melting of snow and ice. Geography can also make an area more likely to flood. For example, areas near rivers and cities are often at risk for flash floods.
A flood is an overflow of water onto land that is normally dry. Floods can happen almost anywhere. They can cover an area with just a few inches of water or they can bring enough water to cover the roof of a house. Floods can be dangerous for communities, lasting days, weeks or sometimes even longer.
Many different situations can cause a flood. Here are just a few:
Heavy rainfall
Ocean waves coming on shore, such as a storm surge
Melting snow and ice, as well as ice jams
Dams or levees breaking
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