Recent Books
• The Fall and Rise of Small Businesses: Race, Government Aid, and Growth After the Pandemic, MIT Press.
• The Promise and Peril of Entrepreneurship: Job Creation and Survival among the Universe of U.S. Startups, (with Zach Kross, Javier Miranda and Nick Zolas), MIT Press. Reviews: Financial Times Media: WSJ. Data: CSP
Recent Working Papers and Articles
• The Early Impacts of AI on Employment among Recent College Graduates (with Jane Wu). NBER Working Paper. Briefs: UCLA Anderson Review. Media: WaPost | WSJ
• Affirmative Action, Faculty Productivity, and Caste Interactions: Evidence from Engineering Colleges in India (with Saurabh Khanna, Prashant Loyalka, and Gagandeep Sachdeva). Journal of Political Economy: Microeconomics (forthcoming)
• Putting AI to the Test: Evidence from a Large-Scale RCT in Rural China (with Tianli Feng, Chengfang Liu, Prashant Loyalka, Yue Ma, Scott Rozelle, Xinwu Zhang) Economics of Education Review (forthcoming)
• A Family Affair: The Effects of College on Parent and Student Finances (with Palaash Bhargava, Sandra Black, Jeffrey Denning and Oded Gurantz)
• Taxes, Incentives, and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from the Universe of U.S. Startups (with Frank Fossen, Andrew Johnston and Ke Lyu). Data: CSP
• Estimating Peer Effects among College Students: Evidence from a Field Experiment of One-to-One Pairings in STEM (with Dan Oliver, Glenn Millhauser, and Randa Roland). NBER Working Paper. Code: OOPG Stata
• Parental Resources and College Attendance: Evidence from Lottery Wins (with George Bulman, Sarena Goodman, and Adam Isen), American Economic Review
•Black and White: Access to Capital among Minority-Owned Startups (with Alicia Robb and David Robinson), Management Science. Media: NYT | WSJ. Winner 2022 Bradford-Osborne Award
• The Effect of Course Shutouts on Community College Students: Evidence from Waitlist Cutoffs (with Silvia Robles and Max Gross), Journal of Public Economics
• The Impacts of COVID-19 on Racial Inequality in Business Earnings. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. Media: WaPost | YahooFinance. Gov. Citation: SEC
• Isolating the “Tech” from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer Assisted Learning in China (with Yue Ma, Prashant Loyalka, and Scott Rozelle), Economic Development and Cultural Change
• English Language Skills and Reducing Poverty in India: A Field Experiment with Job Training (with Prashant Loyalka, Dinsha Mistree, and Saurabh Khanna), Economic Development and Cultural Change
• Early Evidence of the Impacts of COVID-19 on Minority Unemployment (with Ken Couch and Huanan Xu), Journal of Public Economics
• Diminishing Marginal Returns to Computer-Assisted Learning (with Eric Bettinger, Anastasia Kapuza, Elena Kardanova, Prashant Loyalka, and Andrey Zakharov), Journal of Policy Analysis and Management
• Indicators of Entrepreneurial Activity: 2023. Media: WSJ | Latin Times | CBS | Axios
• The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Owners: The First Three Months after Social-Distancing Restrictions, Journal of Economics and Management Strategy. Selected Media: WP | WP | NYT | NYT | WSJ | WSJ | PBS | CBS | CNBC | CNBC | USA Today | BBC | Forbes | Vox | NatGeo | KAZU | KTVU | CNBC. Gov. Citation: U.S. Senate. Winner 2021 Bradford-Osborne Award
• The Evolving Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Gender Inequality in the U.S. Labor Market: The COVID Motherhood Penalty (with Ken Couch and Huanan Xu), Economic Inquiry. Media: NYT. Best Article of 2022 in Economic Inquiry Award
• The 2021 Paycheck Protection Program Reboot: Loan Disbursement to Employer and Nonemployer Businesses in Minority Communities (with Frank Fossen), American Economic Review Papers & Proceedings. Selected Media: Bloomberg | The Conversation | Lookout. Government Citation: U.S. Senate | White House
• The Impact of COVID-19 on Community College Enrollment and Student Success: Evidence from California Administrative Data (with George Bulman), Education Finance and Policy. Media: SF Chronicle | Education Next
• Were Small Businesses More Likely to Permanently Close in the Pandemic? (with Frank Fossen, Reid Johnsen, and Gentian Droboniku). Media: WSJ
• Minority Student and Teaching Assistant Interactions in STEM (with Dan Oliver, Glenn Millhauser, and Randa Roland), Economics of Education Review
• Evaluating Entrepreneurship Training: How Important are Random Experiments for Estimating Impacts? Journal of Economics and Management Strategy
• Automated Enforcement of Irrigation Regulations and Social Pressure for Water Conservation (with Jeremy West, Bryan Pratt, Liam Rose) Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists
• Defining Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship: Two Components of Business Creation (with Frank Fossen). Media: BBC | Forbes | NYTimes
• Addressing Path Dependence and Incorporating Sample Weights in the Nonlinear Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Technique for Logit, Probit and Other Nonlinear Models. Code: R|Stata|SAS
More Research on Entrepreneurship
• The Effects of Entrepreneurship Training: Evidence from a Randomized Control Experiment (with Dean Karlan and Jonathan Zinman), American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2015
• The Impact of Contracting Set-Asides on Minority Business Ownership, (with Ronnie Chatterji and Kenneth Y. Chay) Journal of Labor Economics, 2014
• Taking the Leap: The Determinants of Entrepreneurs Hiring their First Employee (with Javier Miranda) Journal of Economic Management and Strategy, 2017
• Race and Entrepreneurial Success: Black-, Asian-, and White-Owned Businesses in the United States, (with Alicia Robb), MIT Press, 2008
• Is Employer-Based Health Insurance a Barrier to Entrepreneurship?, (with Kanika Kapur and Susan Gates), Journal of Health Economics, 2011
• The Personal Computer and Entrepreneurship, Management Science, 2006
• Why Are Black-Owned Businesses Less Successful than White-Owned Businesses? The Role of Families, Inheritances, and Business Human Capital (with Alicia Robb), Journal of Labor Economics, 2007
• Drug Dealing and Legitimate Self-Employment, Journal of Labor Economics, 2002
• Liquidity Constraints, Household Wealth, and Entrepreneurship Revisited (with Harry Krashinsky) Review of Income and Wealth, 2012
• High-Technology Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley (with Aaron Chatterji), Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 2013
• Mexican-American Entrepreneurship (with Chris Woodruff), B.E. Journals of Economic Analysis and Policy, Contributions, 2010
• Gender Differences in Business Performance: Evidence from the Characteristics of Business Owners Survey, (with Alicia Robb), Small Business Economics, 2009
• Racial Inequality in Business Ownership and Income, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 2018
• Families, Human Capital, and Small Business: Evidence from the Characteristics of Business Owners Survey (with Alicia Robb), ILR Review, 2007
• Immigration and Entrepreneurship, Draft for Handbook Chapter (with Magnus Lofstrom) ed Barry Chiswick. 2015
• Entrepreneurship, Economic Conditions, and the Great Recession, Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 2013. Media: CNBC
• The Effect of Immigration on Native Self-Employment, (with Bruce Meyer), Journal of Labor Economics, 2003
• Trends in Self-Employment among White and Black Men: 1910-1990, (with Bruce Meyer), Journal of Human Resources, Fall 2000
• The Absence of the African-American Owned Business: An Analysis of the Dynamics of Self-Employment, Journal of Labor Economics, 1999
• Ethnic and Racial Self-Employment Differences and Possible Explanations, (with Bruce Meyer), Journal of Human Resources, 1996
More Research on Education
• A Community College Instructor Like Me: Race and Ethnicity Interactions in the Classroom, (with Florian Hoffman and Phil Oreopoulos), American Economic Review. 2014 Government: Economic Report of the President 2023
• Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Home Computers on Academic Achievement among Schoolchildren (with Jon Robinson), American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. 2013.
• The Effects of Male Peers on the Educational Outcomes of Female College Students in STEM: Experimental Evidence from Partnerships in Chemistry Courses (with Glenn Millhauser, Dan Oliver, Randa Roland) PLOS ONE, 2020
• The Effects of Computers on Children’s Social Development and School Participation: Evidence from a Randomized Control Experiment, (with Ariel Kalil), Economics of Education Review, 2017
• Technology and Education: Computers, Software, and the Internet (with George Bulman), Handbook of the Economics of Education, Volume 5, eds. Rick Hanushek, Steve Machin, and Ludger Woessmann. Media: Economist | Economist
• Instructional Interventions for Improving COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors Evidence from a Large-Scale RCT in India (with Prashant Loyalka, Dinsha Mistree, and others), Social Science & Medicine, 2021
• The Effects of Home Computers on Educational Outcomes: Evidence from a Field Experiment with Community College Students (with Rebecca London), Economic Journal, 2012
• Does Immigration Induce “Native Flight” from Public Schools into Private Schools? (with Julian R. Betts), Journal of Public Economics, 2003
• Academic Achievement, Technology and Race: Experimental Evidence, Economics of Education Review, 2012
• Is There “White Flight” into Private Schools? Evidence from the National Educational Longitudinal Survey (with Alex M. Resch), Review of Economics and Statistics, 2002
• Access to Technology and the Transfer Function of Community Colleges: Evidence from a Field Experiment, (with Samantha Grunberg), Economic Inquiry, 2014
• Are Computers Good for Children: The Effects of Home Computers on Educational Outcomes (with Daniel Beltran and Kuntal Das), Economic Inquiry, 2010
• The Effects of Home Computers on School Enrollment, Economics of Education Review, 2005
• ICT Use in the Developing World: An Analysis of Differences in Computer and Internet Penetration,(with Menzie Chinn), Review of International Economics, 2010
• The Determinants of the Global Digital Divide: A Cross-Country Analysis of Computer and Internet Penetration (with Menzie Chinn), Oxford Economic Papers, 2007
• Private Schools and “Latino Flight” from Black Schoolchildrenate Schools and “Latino Flight” from Black Schoolchildren, Demography, 2002
• Explaining Ethnic, Racial, and Immigrant Differences in Private School Attendance, (with Julian R. Betts), Journal of Urban Economics, 2001
More Research on Labor Economics and Other Topics
• Little Effect of Insurance Status or Socioeconomic Condition on Disparities in Minority Appendicitis Perforation Rates, (with Edward Livingston), Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA): Surgery
• The Effects of Computers and Acquired Skills on Earnings, Employment and College Enrollment: Evidence from a Field Experiment and California UI Earnings Records, (with Peter Bahr), Economics of Education Review, 2018
• Last Hired, First Fired? Black-White Unemployment and the Business Cycle, (with Ken Couch), Demography, 2008
• Can the “one-drop rule” tell us anything about racial discrimination? New evidence from the multiple race question on the 2000 Census, Labour Economics, 2009
• The Emergence, Persistence, and Recent Widening of the Racial Unemployment Gap, (with William A. Sundstrom), ILR Review, 1999
• The Racial Unemployment Gap in Long-Run Perspective, (with William A. Sundstrom), American Economic Review, 1997
• Job-Lock: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design (with Susan Gates and Kanika Kapur), Industrial Relations, 2016
• The Long-Term Costs of Job Displacement among Young Workers (with Lori G. Kletzer), ILR Review, 2003