#include <Servo.h>

Servo myOwnServo;                // create a Servo object

void setup() {

  myOwnServo.attach(3);   // attaches the servo on pin 3 to the servo object

  myOwnServo.write(90);   // 90 will be at center of steering or stop for a Speed Controller

  delay (2000);           // you need 2 full seconds hold at 90 for an ESC to arm and work

  Serial.begin(9600);        // Initialize serial communication

}

void loop() {  

  // Read the PWM pulse width on pin A0

  Serial.print(getPWM(A0));

  Serial.print("\t|");

  Serial.print(getPWM(A1));

  Serial.print("\t|");

  Serial.print(getPWM(A2));

  Serial.print("\t|");

  Serial.print(getPing(4));

  Serial.print("\t|");

  Serial.println(getPing(5));

  Serial.print("\t|");

  Serial.print(getPing(6));

}

/* ########################################

   ###   Created Functions of our own!  ###

   ######################################## */

int getPWM(int pin){  // Pulse Width Modulation is the signal received from the remote control and is used to control physical components

  pinMode(pin, INPUT);

  int angle;  

  unsigned long pwmValue = pulseIn(pin, HIGH, 25000);  // Timeout after 25ms

    if (pwmValue > 0) {

      pwmValue = constrain(pwmValue, 1000, 2000); // Ensures that the pulse duration falls within a safe, expected range of 1000–2000 µs.

      angle = map(pwmValue, 1000, 2000, 0, 180);  // Converts (maps) the constrained PWM value from a 1000–2000 µs range to a 0–180° range.

    } else {

      angle = -1; // Use -1 to indicate "no signal"

    }

  delay (5); // If you’re reading channels too fast, you might miss pulses resulting in an error

  return angle; // Will return a value between 0 and 180... it is the simplified value range we use to control the Servo and the Electronic Speed Controller for the motor!

}

int getPing (int pin){ // will check distance on any requested pin

  unsigned long duration; //I need a long number to avoid any truncation

  float inches; // i need decimal point in my distance example 3.2 inches

  pinMode(pin, OUTPUT); // Set the Ping-Pin for output and Trigger the ping

  digitalWrite(pin, LOW);

  delayMicroseconds(5); // a millisecond is thousandth

  digitalWrite(pin, HIGH);

  delayMicroseconds(5);

  digitalWrite(pin, LOW);

  pinMode(pin, INPUT);    // Set the Ping-Pin for input and listen for the Echo back

  duration = pulseIn(pin, HIGH, 30000); // Measure echo pulse width (timeout 30 ms)

  inches = duration / 74.0 / 2.0; // convert time to distance in inches

  centimeter = duration / 29.1 / 2.0; // convert time to distance in centimeters

  delay (10);

  return inches; // returning distance in inches

}

/*

A millisecond is one thousandth of a second, a microsecond is one millionth, and a nanosecond is one billionth.

delay(1 000)  //1000 milliSeconds = One second

delayMicroseconds(1 000 000) // one second

delayNanoseconds(1 000 000 000) // One second

analogRead(A3)    // Allows you to read Potentiometer voltage from an Analog Pin A3

analogWrite(3)    // Allows you to produce a simulated analog voltage from an PWM-capable pin using 8-bit value (0-255) (pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11)

Fast-PWM  ≈976 Hz are digital pins 5 and 6; other PWM-capable pins (3, 9, 10 and 11) default to ≈490 Hz.

All other pins can do slow 50Hz PWM signal to drive standard servos (i.e. a 20 ms period) 

pinMode(GPIO_Pin, INPUT) // Allows you to configure a specific pin for INPUT or OUTPUT

digitalWrite(pin, HIGH); // Allows you produce a signal on a digital pin HIGH, true, 1, or LOW, 0, false

*/

Karma Automotive, founded in 2014, is a southern California based producer of luxury electric vehicles. Headquartered in Irvine, California with a production facility located in Moreno Valley.

Karma Automotive visited our site last year and we are hoping to have then this year as well.

We had two sessions where Micholl Azenon (Communications Manager),  Kelly Hughes ( Assembly Plant Manager) and Donya Nojavanzadeh (Battery Management Systems Engineer) covered multiple topics including:

1. Introduction to powertrain of electric vehicle (Basics of how EV powertrain works, what components it has and the role of each)

2. Karma’s inhouse development of major PT components (Talking a little about Karma’s developments of inverters, batteries, and Powertrain controls, including photos if possible)

3. Multidisciplinary development of HV batteries (Introducing major components of HV battery for safe operation)

4. Mechanical design (A little about CAD including photos of a team member working on CAD)

5. Electrical design (a little about connectors and measurements with a photo of a team member working on a battery pack)

6. Electronics and control (Role of BMS with a photo of an electronic board)

7. Different levels of testing

• • • Board testing (Talking about end-of-line testing of hardware and showing photo a team member working on board soldering and testing).

    • HiL testing (Introducing the idea of HiL testing with a photo of our HiL setup).

    • Bench testing (Including a photo of our bench test setup).

    • Vehicle testing (Including a short video of GSe-6 WOT test for battery troubleshooting).

    • Fleet monitoring (Idea of Cloud-based monitoring of fleet for issues, categorizing and assigning issues to engineers for fixes and cloud-based software update of the fleet).

    • Q & A session will follow.

Session-1

• CTE & Women in Engineering (Session-1) The plan is to have 18-22 female participants

  • Aspirational session and motivational session

  • Career paths discussions

  • Since we are approaching March (Women’s History Month) Short talk on Female Engineers, Mathematicians, etc…

Session-2

• General (All inclusive) 60 students

  • Skills needed for careers today.

  • Mechanical Design (Engineering)

  • Electrical Design (Engineering)

  • Harness Design

  • Software Design

  • Electronics and Control unit

  • Board & assembly testing

  • HiL Testing (Hardware in the Loop)

  • Bench Testing

  • Vehicle Testing

  • Fleet Monitoring (Cloud Big Data processing)

  • Categorizing and assigning issues to engineers

  • Cloud based software update of the fleet

Announcements >>> Announcements are here <<< Time Sensitive

I, Leon Robert Manuel, I am mathematics, Digital Electronics, and computer Science teacher.

I have previously worked at Marvin Engineering Corporation, which gave me the opportunity to apply my education in the field of electromechanical engineering I learned during my undergraduate years. Coming to the US, I graduated from DeVry/Keller Graduate School with a degree in Telecommunications and Information systems. 

I started my teaching endeavor in 2001 at El Camino Community College in Torrance, California, teaching business math and computer science. Following this experience, I began teaching at Vista Del Lago High School in 2009. Recently, I have gone through intensive training with Project Lead The Way, pursuing new endeavors in teaching Digital electronics and Cybersecurity.  I truly believe that the future careers of many young adults are greatly improved through Career and Technical Education. At this time, at Vista Del Lago High School we have multiple pathways set for students to follow, and I am proud to be a part of these pathways.

Mr. Susuras, Mr. Rose, Mr. Rasbach, and I have a plan to elevate our students' competitive skills in order to have them apply STEAM skills to earn nationally acknowledged certifications as well as to participate in state competitions.

Vista Del Lago’s engineering pathway is a multi-year program which is blended with traditional mathematics and science courses. This is an innovative program designed to expose our scholars to rigorous problem-solving skills at a high school level, to spark their engineering mindset prior to college. Moreover, our Engineering, Digital Electronics and Cybersecurity pathway will present our students with opportunities to grow as learners and critical thinkers, even if they have no intent to pursue a formal education in the field. The skills and discipline learned in our CTE programs will help augment the understanding of engineering principles, cybersecurity and computing innovations, digital electronics applications, Health Careers, and Graphic Design.