Abstract

This paper introduces and investigates a bilinear Henstock-Stieltjes integral with values in a countably normed space. This new integral is shown to possess the basic integral properties. It is also shown that for some complete countably normed space, there is a relationship between the Henstock-Stieltjes integrability in the new sense and the integrability in the sense given in [1]. Moreover, following Nakanishi’s argument in [2], a version of Henstock’s Lemma for this integral is formulated and proved

Index Terms

Banach space, HS integral, countably normed-space, Hilbertian, nuclearity, complete, Henstock’s lemma

Abstract

A BCK-algebra is an algebraic structure of a set X with one binary operation and a KS-semigroup is an algebraic structure with two binary operations which is a BCK-algebra with respect to the _rst binary operation and a semigroup with respect to the second binary operation satisfying left and right distributive laws.

In this paper, we introduce the notions of anti fuzzy sub KSsemigroup and anti-fuzzy normal sub KS-semigroup and we investigate some of their related properties. The purpose of this study is to anti fuzzify sub KS-semigroups

Index Terms

anti fuzzy sub KS-semigroup, anti-fuzzy normal sub KS-semigroup

Abstract

This study presenst the calculation of the B cell density using white noise analysis based on the modelling of Perelson and Wiegel. The B cell density represents the population of B cells that was stimulated into the proliferation in shape space [4]. The activation used in this study is a gaussian function defined by . The activation function defines the degree of activation for the B cell population [9]. Evaluating this kind of function gives us a better understanding on how the immune system respond to foreign antigens because according to the work of Perelson, the behavior of antibodies when stimulated by antigens exhibit a log-bell shaped function. When the B cell density equation is plotted, a bell-shape curve is observe in the graph. Also, as we increase the affinity between the antigen and antibody the response is quicker while the density decreases

Index Terms

B-cell density, White Noise analysis, antibodies, antigens, shape space, activation function

Abstract

This paper investigated using the R software the long memory process of the Peso per NT (New Taiwan) Dollar exchange rate and fitted an Autoregressive Fractionally Integrated Moving Average (ARFIMA) model using 372 monthly data measured from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2010 (Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas). In this context a parametric method proposed by Sowell (1992) which is the Maximum Likelihood Method was considered in the estimation of the parameters of the ARFIMA model. Using the MSE, RMSE, MAE and MAPE criteria, ARFIMA (1, 0.0234, 1) showed a better fit compared to ARIMA (1,1,2). It was demonstrated that the preferred ARFIMA model is a good representation of the data and therefore a useful device for forecasting.

Index Terms

ARIMA Model, ARFIMA Model, autocorrelation, long memory process, time series

Abstract

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that leads to chronic illness. Schistosomiasis survey data from four barangays of Salvador, Lanao del Norte, Philippines were stored, mapped and visualized in this study. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was developed in order to aid the Municipal Health Office of Salvador in determining appropriate interventions and action plans to increase the community’s compliance to mass drug administration. A database was designed through requirements analysis of schistosomiasis survey data. A user interface that caters to the management of these data was also developed and integrated with the mapping model utilizing the Google Maps API. Lastly, a visualization model utilizing heatmaps and markers are integrated into the system.

Index Terms

Geographic Information System, Google Maps, Data Visualization

Abstract

The study is about designing, fabrication and installation of facilities used in improving the burning facility of a plant using coal fuel. The unburned fly ash and coal fines cause adverse impact to the environment and additional overhead expenses to the company. They were briquetted in order to be ready for fuel in the boiler. Facilities for briquetting were designed, constructed and tested. Main components of facilities are vibrating screen, coal crusher, mixing tank and agglomeration pan. The binder for briquetting is seaweeds sludge. The result of laboratory analysis of the product with a mixture ratio of 1:0.20 yielded an average stress of 0.023 N/m2. This strength satisfies the requirement for fuel feed in the boiler.

Index Terms

coal, ash, agglomeration, briquetting

Abstract

This study was conducted to quantitatively describe variations in the dorsal and ventral shapes of the shells in C. arabica using landmark and outline-based methods of geometric morphometrics (GM) and correlation analysis based on distances (CORIANDIS). All the variations observed within and between groups of the cowry shells are positively correlated with select size measurements such as shell length, thickness, apertural length and shell weight although shell shape was significantly correlated only with apertural length which could be genetic in nature. All other size variables positively correlated with shape are probably caused by phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental conditions which cannot be discounted in bringing about differences in shell shapes. The observed positive correlations of measured size with shell shapes could also be a product of the interaction between the genetic architecture of the individual and the environment.

Index Terms

cowries, relative warp analysis, CORIANDIS, shell

size, shell shape

Abstract

Saccharum spontanuem Linn., locally known as "talahib", is a ubiquitous Philippine medicinal weed. Several parts of this plant have been utilized in traditional medicine for a number of applications. In this study, the decoction and the hexane-soluble and chloroform-soluble extracts were investigated for their cytotoxic and anthelmintic potentials. From the brine shrimp lethality test, the results showed that all extracts have negligible cytotoxic activities. The results of the anthelmintic assay, meanwhile, showed that the organic extracts exhibited more significant potentials against E. euginiae compared to the decoction. Particularly, the chloroform-soluble extract displayed a slightly faster time than the hexane-soluble extract in bringing paralysis on the test organisms. The hexane-soluble extract, on the other hand, gave the faster mean time in killing the organisms and its time, hence bioactivity, was even remarkably comparable to that of mebendazole, the positive control. Overall, the organic extracts of S. spontaneum, especially its low-polar components, proved to have promising potentials as anthelmintics.

Index Terms

cytotoxicity, anthelmintic activity, brine shrimp lethality test, Saccharum sponteneum

Abstract

Decoction, crude ethanol, hexane extracts and some bioactive fractions from dichloromethane extract were obtained from the air-dried leaves of Mangifera caesia collected from Balo-i, Lanao del Norte. The fractions were obtained through extraction with ethanol, sequential partitioning with water-hexane and dichloromethane followed by fractionation using gravity column chromatography with gradient mixture of ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol. The cytotoxicity test of the extracts revealed that the dichloromethane extract (fraction MCD) is the most bioactive against brine shrimp Artemia salina since it requires the lowest dose (233.10 ppm) to kill 50% of the tested organism. The decoction extract of M. caesia exhibited greater antioxidant potential with total ascorbic acid equivalents of 109.67 ug/ml at 500 ppm. A sub-fraction from MCD (MCD05) was shown to have higher potential for the presence of biologically active compounds as it showed the highest antioxidant and cytotoxic activities.

Index Terms

antioxidant, bioactive, cytotoxic, chromatography, fractionation, Mangifera caesia

Abstract

This study evaluated the bioactivities of the hexane fraction (LaH), chloroform fraction (LaC), and aqueous fraction (LaA) of the leaves of the plant Leea aculeata Blume using the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, total phenolics content, total antioxidant activity and antimicrobial assays. Results show that only the aqueous fraction of the plant (LaA) became rather toxic after 24 hours; the same fraction has relatively the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, the highest total antioxidant activity and the highest total phenolics content. The antimicrobial screening indicated that the hexane fraction LaH was inactive against all test microorganisms, the chloroform fraction LaC was partially active towards S. aureus and active towards A. niger while the aqueous fraction LaA was active against S. aureus.

Index Terms

medicinal plants, Leea aculeata, brine shrimp lethality test, antioxidant, antimicrobial