Age of Discovery

Near the end of the 15th century (1400s), a remarkable new chapter in global history began. Several European countries began exploring and colonizing the world, systematically sailing thousands of miles across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans in search of new lands. Sailing the oceans was daring and difficult. 

The Europeans were interested in the resources of unknown lands that might be used in European markets. The voyagers were also interested in knowledge: better understanding and mapping the Earth's physical geography and knowing the culture of unknown peoples. Global maritime exploration and discovery of new lands and peoples lasted well into the 19th century. 

Explorers brought back observations about the continents and the people of distant lands. They also brought back information about goods that could be sold for profit by merchants and processed into products that improved the way of life in Europe. Making a profit from newly acquired goods and preventing rival countries from gaining control of the supply sources of these goods became driving impulses for exploration. This drive toward making a profit soon drew several European countries into competition.

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