Students will explore how Earth has changed over time by examining rock formations and fossils as evidence of changes in landscapes. They will investigate how weathering and erosion caused by water, wind, ice, and plants shape Earth's surface and use maps to identify patterns in landforms and other Earth features. Students will also learn that natural resources provide the energy and fuels people use every day, while exploring how these resources impact the environment. Finally, they will apply their problem-solving skills by designing and comparing solutions to help reduce the effects of natural hazards and climate change on people and communities. 

Students will investigate different forms of energy and how energy can be transferred through sound, light, heat, electricity, and motion. They will explore the relationship between an object's speed and its energy, predict what happens when objects collide, and design devices that convert energy from one form to another. Students will also study waves by modeling their patterns and learning how waves can cause objects to move. In addition, they will discover how light allows us to see objects and explore how patterns can be used to communicate and transfer information.

Students will explore how the internal and external structures of plants and animals help them survive, grow, reproduce, and interact with their environment. They will investigate how different body parts have specialized functions and learn how animals use their senses to gather information, how the brain processes that information, and how it helps animals respond to their surroundings.