本計畫為發展”植筋握裹品質評估”之應力波動檢測技術之第二年研究，研究規劃為採用一般敲擊回音施測的方式，搭配由軸向波動的機動理論解發展之分析模組，有效將檢測所得的頻譜資訊與周遭介質之鍵結界面的黏彈性質(勁度與阻尼)相互關聯；透過解析參數研究可進一步將估計的黏彈性質有效關聯至植筋膠層的物理特徵(厚度、彈性模數、等效鍵結長度等)；本研究同時規劃將植筋試體進行拉拔試驗，建立由評估之界面黏彈性質對應至握裹強度的資料庫，提供重要植筋工程相關的參考數據。本研究在「植筋品質檢測工程實務技術上」具有拓展現行技術知識瓶頸的潛力。

中文關鍵字  植筋；修護與補強；應力波檢測；握裹長度；品質檢測；脈衝反應

英文關鍵字  Post-installed rebar； repair and strengthening； stress wave method； bond length； quality evaluation； impulse response  

 本計畫發展”植筋握裹品質評估”之應力波動檢測技術，採用一般敲擊回音施測的方式，搭配由軸向波動的機動理論解發展之分析模組，可以有效將檢測所得的頻譜資訊與周遭介質之鍵結界面的黏彈性質(勁度與阻尼)相互關聯；透過解析參數研究可進一步將估計的黏彈性質有效關聯至植筋膠層的物理特徵(厚度、彈性模數、等效鍵結長度等)；本研究同時規劃將植筋試體進行拉拔試驗，建立由評估之界面黏彈性質對應至握裹強度的資料庫，提供重要植筋工程相關的參考數據。本研究在「植筋品質檢測工程實務技術上」有拓展現行技術知識瓶頸的潛力。

 本計畫目的在發展纜繩檢測相關技術議題，包括如何正確解讀相互連接的交叉纜繩的振動訊號以進行纜繩索力分析，以及整合分析技術使應用於可即時評估纜繩索力的實用流程。本研究規劃的探討主題為「具吊索固定器之連接鋼纜」的振動評估方法,探討內容為可提升纜繩振動分析方法適用範圍之應用研究。研究結論對於改善現有公共工程橋梁結構之鋼纜健康監測評估的執行效率、對提昇振動法檢測技術之應用會有相當助益。所開發出來的分析技術，將提供檢測領域工程人員技術升級之進階知識，也能提升業界執行鋼纜非破壞檢測服務的分析實力。

The purpose of this work is to develop an effective technique which can reasonably evaluate the cable tensions (or in terms of modal frequencies) of individual linked cables through the use of a single vibration sensor. The technique has been developed based on the newly proposed methodology in which simplified formulas and numerical programs can be effectively used in the forward calculation, the backward estimation, and the iterative approximation stages to serve the assessment procedure. The developed technique is expected to not only serve as a better on-site tool for the vibration tests of restrained cables which are connected with fasteners, but also enhance testing skills of the analysts.

本計畫目的在探討纜繩檢測相關技術議題；如何判別與量化具有鋼絞線預力不均勻影響之鋼纜，以及如何正確評估出此種情境下鋼纜之索力值。預期本研究議題獲得的成果及潛在開發出的評估與分析技術，將帶給鋼纜檢測領域從業人員重要分析技術。由於振動檢測無需特殊儀器及人員技術配合，且安裝儀器及試驗執行的時間均短，對於配合橋梁整體健康檢測是機動性佳的快速鋼纜檢測方式，同時也適合應用於纜索的監測，此研究在「鋼纜檢測工程實務技術上」有拓展現行技術知識瓶頸的潛力。 

The purposes of this work are, first to investigate the potential effects due to possible non-uniform scenarios in practice, then to establish proper analytical or regression models to describe the corresponding effects. The existence of certain non-uniform patterns of the prestressing strands can be evaluated via FFT spectra of the cable vibrations. The models also help to extend the ability of the current vibration method in the accuracy of tension predictions of cables.

本研究目的在於系統化一項新發展之細長結構元件長度檢測方法，使其可有效結合於傳統基樁應力波完整性檢測中。 

This research aims at thoroughly developing an innovative method for detecting the length of slender structural members, which can be effectively incorporated with traditional stress wave techniques for pile integrity tests. 

因應近年氣候變遷影響，災害頻度、尺度、與複雜度劇增，災害 預警與災情掌握為災害管理第一要務。本計畫期能奠基於先期計畫之 研發成果，整合中央與地方防救災情資，提供即時且整合之災害防救 資訊，也進一步使基礎資料更趨完備的結合重點產業，進行災害分析 與促進中央與地方防減災情資分享，以利防救災規劃與降低災害衝 擊。 彰化縣為台灣第一大縣，人口密度為為台灣第一高，然因非為六 都之列，災害防救資訊人才與技術較為匱乏。

To reduce the impacts of complex and various scaled natural catastrophes resulted from global climate change, an early-warning system and a better disastrous situation handling are the vital part in the disaster management. Based on the results of the previous project, this project would like to further comprehensively integrate the fundamental and immediate disaster information with local key industries, local government agencies, and the central government. 

研究藉由直線梁理論，提出以雙振態頻率計算的軸力與長度之改良公式，利用該特定表示式，工程人員可由單一感測器所量測到之模態頻率資訊，合理量化軸 力/長度/剛度等參數之數值關係。本研究進一步以更符實際之懸索梁理論進行解析模 型的多項參數研究，期能開發出「可同時考慮懸垂、剛度、傾斜及不同邊界效應下之 新式纜繩張力評估方法的技術」 ，達到準確量測纜繩張力的目的。

The purpose of this work is to extend the ability of the mentioned innovated approach to feasibly evaluate most realistic cases of bridge cables in which sophisticated systems containing various types of unusual structural conditions, such as sags, inclination, special anchorages, non-uniform cable segments, etc. are considered. Therefore, parametric studies will be comprehensively carried out using rigorous analytical models with exact dynamic stiffness formulations. Certain regression formulations may then be put on test with the simulated numerical data and provide precise suggestion on appropriate frequency functions to be used with the analysis scheme. It is anticipated that, through this systematic study, the proposed ideas can be effectively incorporated with existing assessments which use traditional vibration concepts. It is of particular interest to promote the unique advantage of the proposed approach. Namely, the analysis task can be performed without the need of certain properties such as flexural stiffness, inclination and sag data, etc., which can be considered as a valuable merit over the traditional scheme.  

本計畫研究目的，在於研發自動化與模組化的檢測技術，並探討檢測載具所需的遙控與資料傳輸、定位校準、影像分析，熱影像與光學影像融合分析，結構振動與應力波感測，結構的幾何變位，以及檢測資訊與空間資訊的整合等。本於歷年研究成果之基礎，同步執行『建築物外覆層檢測技術自動化』、『層狀結構檢測技術自動化』、『地下結構振動診斷技術模組化』、『結構幾何變位之光學檢測技術』等四項子計畫，以建立國內自有的自動化非破壞檢測(NDT)技術為目標，逐年推動『結合NDT自動化檢測技術在土木結構健康診斷之整合應用』。 目前主要的執行成果如下列： (1)結構外牆外覆材表面溫度之有限元素數值模擬 (2)完成結構外牆外覆材實尺寸試驗牆 (3)無人飛行載具與紅外線熱影像模組之組裝與空拍測試 (4)表面波量測之資料擷取設備量測無線傳輸化 (5)開發混凝土內部波速3D圖像化檢測流程 (6)以敲擊反應振動訊號特性之有限元素數值模擬 (7)以敲擊反應振動訊號特性，對地下樓層板牆外側土壤掏空進行評估之可行性分析 (8)應用影像套疊與影像分割技術評估建築物外牆之缺陷分佈狀況 。

The ever-increasing demand on safety and welfare of the modern society calls for more attention to health diagnosis of civil structures. NDT techniques have been successfully applied to health inspection and monitoring of buildings, bridges, pavement, tunnels, and so forth. However most of NDT applications rely on time-consuming manual operation. Hence developing robotic inspection techniques will be the main focus of this joint proposal. Aspects including the automated inspection of building facades and exterior attachment, automated inspection of layered structures, modular vibration monitoring of underground structures, and non-contact optical inspection of structural deformation are explored. The main outcome of this research includes data fusion techniques for thermal and optical images, mobile elastic-wave-inspection devices, UAV-based building inspection techniques, and multi-modal diagnosis incorporated building/structure information models that shall be invaluable to preventative maintenance of buildings and other civil structures.  

本研究的目的是要利用微波量測儀可多點精確檢測橋樑動態位移反應的優勢，配合重車等速前進的試驗方法，由載重卡車等速行經橋跨時之微波檢測的位移訊號，合理擷取出測點之位移動態影響線，再以適當濾波方法濾除屬於高頻的動態位移後，求取擬靜態位移影響線與其微分後之曲率，進而推估橋梁的勁度分布及損傷狀況。由於微波檢測儀在安裝儀器及試驗執行的時間均短，對於目視檢測篩選後有損壞疑慮的任何橋種的橋梁均可做機動性的快速檢測。因此，不論是在橋梁檢測工程實務上或是對以橋梁動態反應評估損傷狀況的研究，本研究預期獲致之成果與結論，或可有潛在之技術突破與貢獻。  

This project proposes a rapid testing scheme for bridge assessment without the need of prior tests nor numerical simulations. This work is aimed at utilizing the advantage of interferometer for being able to accurately capture displacement data for vibrating bridges. By exciting the bridge with a moving truck, the dynamic influence line of the bridge can be reasonably recovered. It has been proven that equivalent static influence line can be approximated after filtering out high frequency components with proper filtering procedures. The damage can thus be evaluated by the curvature data computed based on the equivalent static profile of the bridge. Owing to the fact that the interferometer can be rapidly setup and tested, it has the potential to carry out the required quick assessment for bridges of any type after the visual inspection. The preliminary study has shown that both bridge evaluating tasks in fields and research on bridge assessment related areas would potentially benefit from the outcome of this study.