In dynamics, understanding the various types of forces is crucial. Here, we will explore five fundamental forces that play a key role in the motion of objects:

1. Friction: This is the force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in contact. It plays a crucial role in our daily lives, from walking to driving a car.

2. Action and Normal Reaction: According to Newton’s third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This pair of forces acts on two interacting objects. The normal reaction force is the support force exerted upon an object in contact with another stable object.

3. Tension: This force is transmitted through a string, rope, cable, or any other form of a flexible connector when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends.

4. Upthrust: Also known as buoyant force, upthrust is the force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an object immersed in it. This is what makes objects float in water.

5. Weight: This is the force exerted by gravity on an object, calculated as the product of the mass of the object and the acceleration due to gravity.

To analyze the forces acting on an object, we use a tool called a free body diagram. This is a simplified representation of an object and all the forces acting upon it. By breaking down complex problems into these diagrams, we can better understand and solve problems related to the motion of objects. 

Isaac Newton formulated three fundamental laws of motion that describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it:

1. Newton's First Law of Motion: Also known as the law of inertia, it states that an object will remain at rest or move in a straight line at constant speed unless acted upon by a net external force.

2. Newton's Second Law of Motion: This law explains how the velocity of an object changes when it is subjected to an external force. It is mathematically expressed as F= ma where F is the force applied, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration produced.

3. Newton's Third Law of Motion: This law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It highlights the mutual forces of action and reaction between two interacting objects.