Occupational/white collar offenders
Profiles
ACFE Report to the Nations
Andresen, M. and Button, M. (2019) The Profile and Detection of Bribery in Norway and England and Wales: A Comparative Study. European Journal of Criminology, 16, 18-40.
Hock, B., Park, H., Oh, J., & Button, M. (2025). The profile and detection of bribery in South Korea. Crime, Law and Social Change, 83(1), 1-16.
Psychology
Blickle, G., Schlegel, A., Fassbender, P., & Klein, U. (2006). Some personality correlates of business white‐collar crime. Applied Psychology, 55(2), 220-233.
Collins, J. M., & Schmidt, F. L. (1993). Personality, integrity, and white collar crime: A construct validity study. Personnel psychology, 46(2), 295-311.
Nee, C., Button, M., Shepherd, D., Blackbourn, D., Leal, S. (2019) Psychology of the Corrupt: Some Preliminary Findings. Journal of Financial Crime, 26, 488-495.
Impact of conviction
Button, M., Gough, D., Shepherd, D. and Blackbourn, D. (2020) White Collar Criminals’ Experience of Imprisonment in England and Wales: Revisiting the ‘Special Sensitivity’ Debate. Deviant Behavior, 41, 1585-1600.
Button, M., Shepherd, D. and Blackbourn, D. (2018) The Higher You Fly, the Further you Fall”, White Collar Criminals, “Special Sensitivity” and the Impact of Conviction in the United Kingdom, Victims and Offenders, 13: 628-650.
Shepherd, D., Beatty, E., Button, M. and Blackbourn, D. (2020) The Media, Personal Digital Criminal Legacies and the Experience of Offenders Convicted of Occupational Fraud and Corruption. Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, 6(1), 3-16.
Understanding offending
Button, M., Shepherd, D. and Blackbourn, D. (2018) Co-offending and Bribery: The Recruitment of Participants to Corrupt Schemes and the Implications for Prevention. Security Journal, 31, 882-900.
Button, M. and Tunley, M. (2014) Criminal Activity in the Financial Sector. In, Gill, M. (ed) The Handbook of Security. 2nd Edition. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
Zakari, M. B., and Button, M. (2022). Confronting the Monolith: Insider Accounts of the Nature and Techniques of Corruption in Nigeria. Journal of White Collar and Corporate Crime, 3(2), 100-08 2631309X211004567.
Fraud triangle and related
Schuchter, A., & Levi, M. (2016). The fraud triangle revisited. Security Journal, 29(2), 107-121.
Tickner, P. and Button, M. (2021), Deconstructing the origins of Cressey’s Fraud Triangle, Journal of Financial Crime, Vol. 28 No. 3, pp. 722-731. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-10-2020-0204
Wolfe, D. T., & Hermanson, D. R. (2004). The fraud diamond: Considering the four elements of fraud.CPA Journal 74.12 38-42.
Fraudsters targeting individuals (scammers)
General
Button, M., Gilmour, P., Hock, B., Jain, T., Jesperson, S., Lazarus, S., Pandey, D. and Sabia, J. (2024) Scoping Study on Fraud Centres: Ghana, India and Nigeria. ITAD.
Nigeria and West Africa
Garba, K. H., Lazarus, S., and Button, M. (2024). An assessment of convicted cryptocurrency fraudsters. Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 1-17
Lazarus, S., Button, M., Garba, K. H., Soares, A. B., & Hughes, M. (2025). Strategic Business Movements? The Migration of Online Romance Fraudsters from Nigeria to Ghana. Journal of Economic Criminology, 100128.
Lazarus, S., Button, M. and Adogame, A. (2022). Advantageous Comparison: Using Twitter Responses to Understand Similarities between Nigerian Cybercriminals (“Yahoo Boys”) and Politicians (“Yahoo men”). Heliyon.
Lazarus, S., and Button, M. (2022). Tweets and reactions: revealing the geographies of cybercrime perpetrators and the North-South divide. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 25(8), 504-511.
Lazarus, S., Hughes, M., Button, M., & Garba, K. H. (2025). Fraud as Legitimate Retribution for Colonial Injustice: Neutralization Techniques in Interviews with Police and Online Romance Fraud Offenders. Deviant Behavior, 1–22.
China and South East Asia
Franceschini, I., Li, L., & Bo, M. (2023). Compound capitalism: a political economy of Southeast Asia’s online scam operations. Critical Asian Studies, 55(4), 575-603.
Han, B., & Button, M. (2025). An Anatomy of ‘Pig Butchering Scams’: Chinese Victims’ and Police Officers’ Perspectives. Deviant Behavior, 1–19.
Telemarketing
Shover, N., Coffey, G. S., & Sanders, C. R. (2004). Dialing for dollars: Opportunities, justifications, and telemarketing fraud. Qualitative Sociology, 27, 59-75.
Shover, N., Coffey, G. S., & Hobbs, D. (2003). Crime on the line. Telemarketing and the changing nature of professional crime. British Journal of Criminology, 43(3), 489-505.
Other Fraudsters
Insurance
Button, M., Brooks, G., Lewis, C. and Aleem, A. (2017) Just About Everybody Doing the Business? Explaining ‘Cash-for-Crash’ Insurance Fraud in the United Kingdom. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 50: 2, pp 176-194.
Button, M., Pakes, F. and Blackbourn, D. (2016) ‘All Walks of Life’: A Profile of Household Insurance Fraudsters in the United Kingdom. Security Journal. 29 (3). pp. 501-519. Doi: 10.1057/sj.2013.43
Enablers
Whittaker, J. M. (2024). Towards an Understanding of Enablement in Online Non-delivery Fraud (Doctoral dissertation, University of Surrey).
Whittaker, J. M., McGuire, M. R., & Lazarus, S. (2025). Conversations with deviant website developers: A case study of online shopping fraud enablers. Journal of Criminology, 26338076251321844.
