PV generation stands for Photovoltaic generation system. Photovoltaics (PV) is a method of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation into direct current electricity (wikipedia). There are two system to classify PV generations, grid tie and off grid system.
Off grid is for total independence, it needs banks of batteries to run the system during night time. Off grid system is an autonomous system that stores excess energy to batteries for later use. Grid tie system is semi-autonomous system which means to connect with utility mains to run the system, excess energy production by the PV is exported to the grid. At night time or when load demand is greater than the PV generation output, energy will be imported from the grid. Grid connected system is more economical to install in the cities or in areas where utility is available 24 hours. Grid connected system is more economical in the sense that it has less equipment for solar energy utilization, main components required are PV modules and grid connected inverter.
Absolutely! By virtue of Republic Act 9513 or Renewable Energy Act of 2008 the government encourages the utilization of renewable energy sources. Section 10 of the Act stipulates net metering schemes between end user and distribution utility (e.g. Meralco or Provincial Elect Coops).
Net metering is the economic incentive given to all those who install solar panels for in-house use.
Net metering refers to a system in which a distribution grid user (homes or commercial buildings) has a two-way connection to the grid and is only charged for his net electricity consumption and is credited for any overall contribution to the electricity grid. (Section 3 Definition of Terms (kk) From IRR of RA 9513, Philippines).
Your electricity bill reduction is dependent on how you use your solar generated electricity. The cost of solar generated electricity cost between P4 to P6 per kWh. The utility grid cost of electricity (e.g. Meralco) cost around P8 to P10 per kWh (2016 average), so if you use 100% of your solar produce electricity the reduction of your bill will be equal to P8-P10 per kWh. If you have exported electricity, the bill credit will be equal to utility grid's generation cost (e.g. Meralco generation cost for 2016 average at P3.7 to P4 per kW.)
Solar technology is scalable, meaning you can add as many panels as you want. And thus, the advantages of solar energy (i.e. electricity bill savings, income generation, property value increases) depend on how large a system you install.
So perhaps a better question is, how low do you want your electricity bill to go? We can reduce your electricity bill to zero however this will be counter productive since the net metering scheme in place in Philippines is not geared towards zero bill reduction becaue you will be paid only the utility cost of generation energy instead of the total power rates cost. The recommendation is to lower your energy imported from the utility grid by a maximum of 70%.
With careful planning and choosing the right size of the system, an average of 5-7 years payback period is expected.
The solar panels are designed for 25-30 years with a limited power warranties from 10 to 20 yrs. While most inverter warranties are 10 years. With an inspection regime in place to inspect the physical integrity of the mounting system, the whole system can last for generations.
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