- An animal, such as a dinosaur, dies and falls to the bottom of a riverbed.
- The flesh of the animal rots away or is eaten by smaller creatures, leaving only the bones (skeleton) behind.
- Mud and sand (sediment) cover the skeleton.
- Over many years, layers of soft mud and sand are pressed into hard rock.
- The bones slowly wash away by little trickles of ground water, leaving open spaces (natural molds) in the exact shape of the old dinosaur bones.
- After millions of years, tiny pieces of rock flowing in ground water fill the mold.
- Over time, the entire skeleton mold becomes solid rock.
- The rock surrounding the skeleton eventually rises to Earth's surface during earthquakes or the natural rising of mountains.
- Top rock layers wear away by rain and wind, revealing the fossils.
- Or, paleontologists (scientists who study fossils) dig deep down into Earth's surface to find these fossils.
Source: https://science.lovetoknow.com/understanding-science/explaining-fossils-kids