Chronological and Spatial Thinking 

1. Students explain how major events are related to one another in time. 

2. Students construct various time lines of key events, people, and periods of the historical era they are studying. 

3. Students use a variety of maps and documents to identify physical and cultural features of neighborhoods, cities, states, and countries and to explain the historical migration of people, expansion and disintegration of empires, and the growth of economic systems.

Students describe what is known through archaeological studies of the early physical and cultural development of humankind from the Paleolithic era to the agricultural revolution. 

1. Describe the hunter-gatherer societies, including the development of tools and the use of fire.

 2. Identify the locations of human communities that populated the major regions of the world and describe how humans adapted to a variety of environments. 

3. Discuss the climatic changes and human modifications of the physical environment that gave rise to the domestication of plants and animals and new sources of clothing and shelter.