Lens technologies are widely used in our world, from phone cameras, CCTV cameras, drones, sensors for next-generation self-driving cars, sensors for robots, space satellites, military equipment, and more, and simpler, smaller, and more efficient lenses are required today. Conventional lenses are big and heavy, due to the plethora of glass elements inside the lens. A new method of building lenses are necessary.

The two main “new” lens designs are metalenses and liquid lenses. Both are more efficient than conventional lenses, but because nature has chosen to use the structure of liquid lenses, I decided to study how it works and make a simple prototype.