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MJD9 MICROBIAL DIVERSITY AND BACTERIAL PHYLOGENY Credits (3+1)
Course Objectives:
This paper exposes the students to the world of microorganims; the students will be able
(i) to understand about the Big Tree of Life
(ii) to provide an overview on bacterial taxonomy and Bergey’s Manual
(iii) to study the role played by candidate phyla.
Unit -I
Microbial Big Tree of Life: – The domain Archaea – Bacteria –Eukaryotes – Eukaryotic tree of life – Endosymbiosis theory and the role of horizontal gene transfer in shaping of domains – Different types of Microbial diversity – Importance of microbial diversity – Methods of examining microbial diversity.
Unit-II
Eukaryotic diversity and Bacterial phylogeny: –Fungal diversity – Protist (algae and protozoa) diversity – Viral diversity – their importance and role in shaping human community. History of bacterial classification – Concept of bacterial phylogeny – Phylogenetic markers – Polyphasic taxonomy – Overall view of bacterial phyla –Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (2nd Edn.).
Unit-III
Archaea and Gram negatives:– An overview of their ecological occurrence, morphological diversity, structural, metabolic and genetic diversity, their importance and classification of Archaeal phyla – Gram negative bacteria including cyanobacteria –Deeply branching phyla – Proteobacteria – their classes.
Unit-IV
Gram Positives and heterogeneous members: Overall view of– ecological occurrence, morphological diversity, structural, metabolic and genetic diversity, their importance and classification of phyla Firmicutes – Actinobacteria – Bacteroidetes – Spirochetes – Tenericutes (Mollicutes) – Acidobacteria – Planctomycetes – Verrucomicrobia – Chlamydia.
Unit-V
Uncultivated majorities: The Great Plate count anomaly – novel bacterial cultivation strategies – cultivation independent methods of assessing bacterial diversity – Candidatus status of the bacteria – Candidate phyla radiation – their importance.
Text Books
1. Brown J.W. (2015) Principles of Microbial Diversity, ASM Press.
2 Madigan, M.T., Bender K.S. Buckley D.H., Sattley W.M. and Stahl D.A (2021) Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 16th Global Edn., Pearson Education Ltd., p.1129.
Reference Books
1. Epstein S.S. (2009) Uncultivated microorganisms, Springer-Verlag Publishers.
2. Rosenberg E., DeLong E., Lory S., Stackebrandt E. and Thompson F.(Ed.) (2013) The Prokaryotes (Total of eleven reference book series), Springer-Verlag publishers.
3. Bertrand J.C., Caumette P., Lebaron P., Matheron R., Normand P. and Sime-Ngando T. (Eds.) (2015) Environmental Microbiology: Fundamentals and Applications, Springer Publishers.
4. List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)- Prokaryotic Nomenclature Up-to-date (PNU) merged site-https://lpsn.dsmz.de/
Course Outcome:
Upon successful completion of the course the candidate will
• understand the Microbial Big Tree of Life
• have an in-depth knowledge on different types of microbial diversity and its importance.
• understand bacterial taxonomy - Bergey’s manual.
• have an understanding on uncultivated majorities and their importance.
Term End Semester Examination (Model Question paper)
Time 3 hrs Max. Marks 75
Section A (10 x 2 = 20 marks)
Tree of Life
Endosymbiosis theory
Difference between Alpha and Beta diversity
Glomeromycota
Stramenophiles
The Fourth domain of Life
Phylogeny
Methanogens
CPR
High G+C organisms
Section B (5 x 5= 25 marks)
(a) Briefly explain the endosymbiotic theory and its role in evolution
(or)
(b) State and explain any five methods involved in examining microbial diversity.
12. (a) Write short notes on fungal diversity
(or)
(b) Critically comment on phylogenetic markers
13. (a) Give an account on ecological occurence and genetic diversity of Archaea.
(or)
(b) Substantiate the statement Cyanobacteria and the Great Oxidation Event.
14. (a) Write short notes on Firmicutes
(or)
(b) Chlamydia and its significance.
15. (a) Explain the concept of Great Plate Count Anomaly.
(or)
(b) Write about the salient features of Candidate phyla.
Section C (3 x 10 = 30 marks)
16. Explain about the Microbial Big tree of Life
17. How bacteria is classified using polyphasic taxonomy.
18. Describe about the Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology
19. Explain about the Proteobacteria and their classess
20. State the various methods used to culture the bacteria that evade culturing techniques.
3. TO Download two marks questions & answers CLICK HERE
3. TO Download two marks questions & answers CLICK HERE
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