8th Grade Science
Skills to Know
- Genetics & Heredity
Asexual & Sexual Reproduction
Examples organisms for each
Advantages & Disadvantages
Inheritance of Traits
Definition and examples of Traits
Difference between genotypes and phenotypes
Punnett Squares
Selective Breeding
Plant examples
Animal examples
- Ecology & Interactions
Definition and examples of abiotic and biotic factors
Cycling of matter
Water cycle
Carbon cycle
Organism relationship categories
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Competition
Predator - prey
Flow of energy (Food chains & Food Webs)
Producers, Consumers and Decomposers
Features of Ecosystems (location, availability of food and resources)
Terrestrial - deserts, grasslands, tropical rain forests, temperate forests, taigas and tundras
Aquatic - freshwater, estuaries and marine ecosystems
Impact of human activity
Pollution
Habitat destruction
- Science and Engineering Practices
Practice 1: Asking Questions and Defining Problems
Practice 2: Developing and Using Models
Practice 3: Planning and Carrying Out Investigations
Practice 4: Analyzing and Interpreting Data
Practice 5: Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking
Practice 6: Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions
Practice 7: Engaging in Argument from Evidence
Practice 8: Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communication Information
Activities to Try
Genetics & Heredity
Asexual & Sexual Reproduction
Watch the video at this link: and complete the guided notes.
Simple Experiment: Asexual Reproduction with Plant Cuttings
Inheritance of Traits
Traits are physical characteristics that:
can be different between individuals.
are connected to genes (DNA).
are passed on in families.
Have as many family members as possible complete this survey of traits and discuss the similarities and differences. You can use Google to look up each characteristic (detached earlobes, dimples, etc).
Follow along with this informative video to learn about Punnet Squares and how traits get passed on.
Selective Breeding
Have lots of fun learning about Selective Breeding (the ways that humans can influence the traits in other living things). Click this link to follow the simulation. Take notes of what you learn.
Ecology & Interactions
Preview
Abiotic and Biotic Factors
Biotic factors are the living things in the environment.
Abiotic factors are the non-living things or features of the environment.
Neither biotic or abiotic factors are more important. The biotic factors depend on the abiotic factors in many ways.
Take a nature walk through a trail, your neighborhood, or your backyard, and record a list of 8 biotic and 8 abiotic things you see. Remember to look carefully:
Sometimes abiotic factors may be really small (bugs, fungi, etc.)
Sometimes abiotic factors may be invisible/abstract (climate, humidity, etc.)
Cycling of Matter
To learn about the Water Cycle and how it affects ecosystems, read through this worksheet and:
Write a three-sentence summary of the paragraph.
Fill in all of the blanks to label the parts of the water cycle.
DOUBLE CHECK YOURSELF - to see how much you understand and retain about the Water Cycle - take this quick Quiz.
Ecological Relationships
Flow of Energy
BRAINPOP
Visit https://www.brainpop.com to sign up.
Features of Large Ecosystems
There are many large ecosystems on Earth. Some are large terrestrial (land) ecosystems called Biomes. Others are large aquatic (water) ecosystems.
Whether terrestrial or aquatic, large ecosystems have common features that distinguish them: location, availability of resources, availability of food, and types of organisms. Some additional features of terrestrial biomes include climate and precipitation.
WEB QUEST: Use the internet to learn about the common features of some terrestrial biomes.
Click here and complete the chart by searching and reading about each of the terrestrial biomes listed.
TRIVIA: Which terrestrial biome most closely matches our environment in Georgia?
Use what you learned in the web quest to form a clear and comprehensive explanation of why you chose your answer.
Impact of Human Activity
MINI-PROJECT: After watching the video above about the ways that humans impact the environment:
Interview one of your parents or guardians about potential changes that can be made in your home.
Make a list of at least five changes that can be made.
From what you learned, designate each change as having an impact on the air, land, or water.
Choose one change to implement for one week.
With your parent's help, make a plan for how your family will make the change.
What tools, materials, or decisions will be necessary?
How will the family hold each other accountable?
Keep a daily journal for one week about the change.
After one week, write a paragraph explaining the following:
how easy or difficult it was to make the change.
how do you think it impacted the environment.
how did it feel to execute the change?
whether or not your family will continue with the change.