Our product, RECYCLEASY, enhances campus recycling efficiency by separating liquids from plastic bottles, reducing contamination of recyclable materials, and decreasing the workload on recycling facilities. With a simple 3-second bottle disposal process and innovative design, it ensures sustainability and convenience for both users and custodians.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
At Dartmouth College, dining patrons often fail to properly dispose of plastic bottles, leaving leftover liquids that can contaminate other recyclables. This places the burden of sorting and cleaning on recycling facilities as the college follows a Zero-Sort™ method for waste collection.
USERS & PURCHASERS
Recycleasy facilitates a straightforward process that takes less than three seconds for college students.
The portable and modular design helps the custodians empty the liquid tank and bottle bin effortlessly.
STATE OF THE ART
Patent # CN108724527B
Cap and label separating machine
Patent # CN108162242B
Automatic recycler
Patent # US20200094299A1
Conveyor system for recycling
Public Solution: Smart bottle recycling machine
Public Solution: ENVAC Automatic Recycling System
Overall, these solutions are beneficial, but do not address the same part of the problem as our design. Most of the existing solutions focus on the industrial aspect of recycling and work on improving the logistics and effectiveness of recycling facilities. Recycleasy aims to solve the problem at its core, directly targeting the users at their instance of recycling.
An insider tour into our design process.
Here is a list of our specifications:
Legality and Ethics, Cost, Safety, Size, Ease of use, Durability, Toughness, Capacity, Effectiveness, and Aesthetics.
BENCHMARK TESTING
From Oct 18-22, we placed a trash can in Novack Cafe and collected 10 bottles which contained 290 mL liquid waste (29 mL avg)
DESIGN & PROTOTYPING (RECYCLEASY 1.0)
Early and rough sketches of RECYCLEASY
Early models of specific design components
3D-Design of pipe and mesh using SolidWorks
Combining elements from individual drawings into one design
First attempt at building our design — only featured the pipe and mesh
When the user inserts the bottle, the IR Sensor communicates with the Arduino which consequently activates the servo motor to block the pathway using an attached door, allowing enough time for the bottle to drain.
RECYCLEASY 2.0
Top-side view w/o lid
Side-view w/ lid and electronics cover
Side-view w/o lid and cover
Almost 90% of the liquid is successfully drained with our final prototype, RECYCLEASY 2.0.
Understanding user experience was essential to ensure the prototype was practical and convenient for its primary audience: Dartmouth students and staff. Surveys were conducted to gauge the usability, aesthetics, and overall satisfaction with RECYCLEASY. Users were asked to rate their experience on a 10-point scale, and the prototype achieved a median score of 7.0 on ease of use and aesthetics.
While the feedback was largely positive, it also revealed areas for further improvement. Some users found the sensors insufficiently sensitive, which occasionally affected the automation. Durability was another concern, with suggestions to reinforce the prototype to withstand heavy usage. Additionally, feedback on aesthetics indicated that while the design was functional, it could be more visually appealing to fit seamlessly into public spaces. These insights guided future iterations, ensuring the prototype evolved to effectively meet user needs.
Most people state that proper recycling is a hassle for them and agree that RECYCLEASY is very easy to use compared to traditional solutions
We refined the sensitivity of our sensors to perfection. RECYCLEASY now represents the apex of sensor excellence.
The Custodial feedback was mostly positive. During the testing phase, custodians highlighted two key concerns: the capacity of the system and the placement of LED indicators. Initially, the prototype's capacity was limited to 24 bottles, which necessitated frequent emptying. The LED indicators, positioned next to the motor, were less visible to users than anticipated, leading to occasional confusion.
In response, the team explored solutions to increase the system's capacity and reposition the LEDs to improve visibility. This feedback also emphasized the need for further testing under real-world conditions to refine the system's maintenance requirements and overall usability.
From an ethical standpoint, the project was designed to ensure safety and accessibility for all users. A key challenge was addressing potential risks associated with handling liquids and operating mechanical components. To mitigate these risks, the team implemented several safety measures:
The wire mesh, essential for drainage, was initially exposed and posed a potential safety hazard. This was addressed by enclosing the mesh, preventing accidental contact while maintaining its functionality.
Given the presence of liquids, the team took precautions to shield all electrical wiring and components, significantly reducing the risk of accidents.
The ethical implications of unintended use were also considered. The design acknowledged the possibility of misuse, such as users disposing of non-plastic items or failing to remove caps from bottles. To address this, the team included clear signage and simple instructions to guide proper use.
Sustainability was at the heart of RECYCLEASY’s design ethos and purpose, as the prototype sought to enhance recycling efficiency while minimizing its environmental footprint. The team prioritized waste reduction and resource efficiency in several ways:
By effectively draining liquids from bottles, RECYCLEASY reduced contamination in recyclable materials, enabling sorting facilities to process plastics more efficiently. The prototype was largely passive in operation, relying on minimal energy for its automated features. This low-energy approach ensured that the system’s environmental impact remained minimal during usage.
While the prototype incorporated durable materials such as PVC pipes to ensure functionality and longevity, the team recognized the environmental drawbacks of PVC due to its high Okala impact score. As such, to improve the sustainability of our product, we seek to explore eco-friendly alternatives such as cast iron or biodegradable materials in future iterations.
The financial plan includes fixed costs of $12,000 annually for workshop rent, machinery, and electricity. Variable costs per unit are calculated at $115, including materials and assembly. Revenue streams focus on B2B sales to custodial services at campuses and other institutions, with potential revenue from utility and design patents. At a selling price of $200 per unit, the breakeven point is estimated at 142 units, a figure expected to decrease with economies of scale.
REFLECTIONS & NEXT STEPS
SCOPE — Our project scope could have been wider. Early in the term, we narrowed our scope from aluminum cans and plastic bottles to only the latter. This gave us a more manageable scope, indeed, but we later realized in our testing phase that our prototype could also handle aluminum cans. This is notable given that many beverages on-campus are sold in these containers.
PROTOTYPE ITERATION — We could have iterated more on the important design choices (e.g., the mesh angle and container sizes). While we did extensively test throughout the building process, we still realize that more iterations could have better optimized our designs. For example, we could test a wider range of mesh angles to determine which would work best together with our sensor-operated door. Additionally, a larger container would have increased our capacity and decreased the frequency of maintenance.
RESOURCE ALLOCATION — We should have adopted a more “make things, break things” approach. We were, at times, hesitant to find more creative solutions as we had unnecessarily limited ourselves to only one prototype (i.e., only one trash can/container).
TESTING — Our testing phase should have answered the question, “How often do the liquid waste and bottles have to be collected?” This is an important point for our purchasers, especially the custodians who are responsible for maintaining the prototype.
FEEDBACK — We should have considered earlier and constant feedback from all stakeholders (students, custodians, Casella, sorting facilities, etc.), which would have led to more informed design choices. We still collected user and purchaser feedback, of course, but much of it was late into our testing phase.
As a team, we feel that this class introduced us to the essence of engineering: make, break, iterate. While we are still inexperienced in much of the prototyping process, we learned a wealth of important skills that helped us improve tremendously. And all told, we will leave ENGS21 with a more creative, confident, and solution-driven outlook on our engineering problems.
Of course, we thank the following people for helping us throughout our learning journey: Professor Vicki May, Susan Weider, Kevin Baron (our assigned Technical Instructor), the ENGS21 Review Board, Tad Truex, Danny DeNauw, Joe Poissant, Marina Rodriguez (our assigned TA), and the MShop and ENGS21 TAs.
Thank you for being with us on our journey!