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Research
Research is a systematic and organized process of inquiry that involves the collection, analysis, interpretation, and evaluation of information to gain knowledge or understanding of a particular subject, phenomenon, or problem. It aims to contribute to existing knowledge, address specific questions, or solve problems by following a structured and methodical approach. Research can take various forms, including scientific experiments, surveys, literature reviews, and more, depending on the field and objectives. The ultimate goal is to generate reliable and valid information that can be used to inform decisions, advance understanding, or contribute to academic and practical pursuits.
Action research
Action Research refers to a systematic inquiry conducted by practitioners to address and improve their own educational or professional practices. It involves a cyclical process of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting, with the aim of bringing about positive changes and solutions in a specific context. Action research is often used by educators, professionals, or individuals within a particular field to address practical problems and enhance the effectiveness of their practices through informed, iterative decision-making.
Traditional research
Traditional research refers to the systematic investigation and analysis of information using established methodologies and frameworks. It follows conventional and structured approaches to gather, interpret, and report findings. Traditional research often involves quantitative methods, such as experiments, surveys, or statistical analyses, and adheres to recognized standards in a particular academic or scientific field.
Action research
The four steps of action research are as follows:
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1- Planning stage:
Involves identifying the research question, setting the research goals, and developing a plan of action to achieve these goals. The planning stage includes defining the problem or issue that needs to be addressed, determining the scope and focus of the research, and identifying the participants or stakeholders who will be involved in the research process. It also involves selecting appropriate research methods and tools to collect data and developing a timeline and budget for the research project.
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2- Action stage:
This stage is all about implementing the action plan created during the planning stage. The action stage entails gathering data via surveys, interviews, observation, or other research techniques and then evaluating the data to spot trends, patterns, and insights. To enhance the situation or address the issue also entails making adjustments or interventions based on the data analysis.
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3- Developing stage:
This stage involves reflecting on the results of the action stage and developing strategies to refine the interventions or changes made. The developing stage includes analyzing the effectiveness of the interventions or changes, identifying any unintended consequences, and refining the approach based on the data collected. It also involves documenting the results and sharing the findings with stakeholders.
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4- Reflecting stage:
In this phase, you reflect on the entire action research procedure and list the accomplishments, problems, and lessons you learned. During the reflecting stage, evaluating how the study has affected the problem or situation is important, as pinpointing potential future research topics and sharing the findings with others to guide best practices and policy choices. It also entails creating a strategy for maintaining the adjustments achieved and guaranteeing ongoing development in the circumstance or issue being handled.
Traditional Research
Traditional research can collect and analyze qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods data.
Quantitative research
Entail gathering numerical data to address a research issue or test a hypothesis. Statistical analysis is used in this method to get conclusions from the data gathered. Surveys, experiments, or observations can gather data, and descriptive or inferential statistics can be used for analysis. Social sciences, business, and health research frequently employs this methodology.
Data collection for quantitative research involves structured data collection tools such as surveys, questionnaires, and tests that yield numerical data. The data is then analyzed using statistical methods such as correlation analysis, regression analysis, and t-tests. The analysis aims to establish relationships between variables, identify patterns and trends, and generalize about the population being studied.
Qualitative research
Is a type of traditional research that aims to understand a phenomenon or situation by exploring the experiences and perspectives of participants. This method of research uses non-numerical data such as text, images, and audio recordings, and the data is analyzed using thematic analysis, content analysis, or discourse analysis. This method of research is often used in social science, education, and health research.
Data collection for qualitative research involves semi-structured or unstructured data collection tools such as interviews, focus groups, and observations. The data is then analyzed using methods such as coding and categorizing to identify themes and patterns.
The mixed research method is a traditional research methodology that combines quantitative and qualitative methods to answer a research question or test a hypothesis.
This method of research allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon being studied by triangulating the data from different sources.
The mixed method of research is often used in social science, education, and health research.
Reflection
In ETEC 543, I learned about the concept of research and the difference between Action and Traditional research. The class discussions provided me with additional insights into how each type of research is utilized. All of this gives me more opportunities to teach students valuable information and facilitates their ability to choose research methods.
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