Elsmere Island in the Arctice (above). How do we determine what type of organisms ancient bones come from?
Paleontologist Natalia Rybczynski discovered this famous fossil. Here's a link to the organism the DNA extracted from the fossil indicated.
Endosymbiotic Theory Slideshow
Fontline (Joan Casey, CV graduate is featured)
Bacterial Gene Sharing
transformation: when bacteria take in DNA from their environment
conjugation: when bacteria build a bridge called a pilus between each other and exchange DNA
transduction: when viruses attack bacteria and use them to replicate. ..then they carry some of that bacteria's DNA to the next cell they infect
If the condition you are researching is caused by a single gene you will include a pedigree in your brochure or webside.
If the condition you are researching a condition caused by a problem with the number of chromosomes or a defective chromosome you will include a karyotype.
Bronx river was considered the most polluted river in the United States. Now it is a model for cleanup thanks, in part, to Jose' the beaver.
Guinea Pig w/ Hair
Skinny Pig
Hairless Guinea Pig (AKA Baldwin)
Polio, Vaccines, Cancer, Fertility and Infertility, Parvo, Diabetes, Parkinsons, ALD, Nerve Damage, Cloning, Stem Cell Research, Growth Hormone, Drug Impacts, Cells in Space, Cells in the Deep Ocean, Cell Communication, Cell Division, Germ Cell Cryogenics, etc....
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kary Mullis (right) invented the process of PCR. This revolutionary technique uses the enzymes required for DNA replication and a series of heating and cooling cycles to replicate many copies of DNA within a short period of time. This allowed us to be able to have large quantities of DNA to work with. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993.
Viruses attack bacteria and use the bacteria to make more of themselves.
See left.
As a defense mechanism, bacteria can use restriction enzymes to cut up the viral DNA before it inserts into their chromosome.
See picture to the right.
The race to discover the structure of DNA was both cooperative and competitive!
Thanks again, for your hospitality towards Ms. Daly. I am only gone for today and will see you next time we meet.
Here is the assignment we discussed yesterday at the end of the period:
Your group will create a mini-slideshow about the person you researched for homework. These slideshows will be presented during the next few days that we meet. Each of you will turn the slideshow into Canvas. When the slideshow is complete, please also share it with me so I can access and project it during your presentation.
Here is a template for the slideshow, make a copy to guide creation of your own: Historical DNA Researcher Slideshow Template.
Also, as a reference you may use this Self Guided Slideshow on DNA History to help with your research. You do NOT need to answer the questions embedded within as an assignment, but you should be able to answer questions about the person that you researched.
Here is a reminder of the person(s) you were assigned last time we met.
-Friedrich Miescher (table 1)
-Frederick Griffith (table 2)
-Oswald Avery (table 3)
-Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (table 4)
-Erwin Chargaff (table 5)
-Linus Pauling (table 6)
-James Watson and Frances Crick (table 7)
-Rosalind Franklin (table 8)
-Frederick Sanger (table 9)
Your group should be able to finish this assignment by the end of the period. If not, you should complete it as homework. Extra class-time today can be used to practice the presentation (know what each person is going to say). Then the rest of the period can be used as a study period.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In order to create useable energy from glucose the following processes occur.
Glycolysis
Citric Acid Cycle aka Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria.
Anaerobic respiration (no oxygen) takes place in the cytoplasm.
Photosynthesis is a summary reaction. This means that it is not just one reaction, but a series of reactions.
You should use at least a whole page in your notebook and take good care in drawing, labeling, and explaining. Color coding or nice shading is appreciated. Make sure that you name is on each page since I will likely take a picture of your work to grade.
Vinegar is too large to get through the cell membrane. What did go through the egg's cell membrane?
Cell Membrane
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
Bacteria Cells
1st. View plant cells and complete your Cell Visualization Lab.
2nd. Complete this Organelle Functions Form with your table group and submit. THEN TYPE IN THE ASSIGNMENT TEXTBOX IN CANVAS THAT YOU HAVE SUBMITTED THE FORM.
3rd. Make a plant and animal cell at your table with playdough. Pages 206 and 207 have visual information and functions that might be helpful. Include all of the structures required in the cell analogy assignment listed below. Make sure that you don't put plant cell structures in the plant cell or animal cell structures in the animal cell.
nucleus nucleolus ribosome rough ER smooth ER Golgi apparatusvacuole lysosome cell membrane cell wall chloroplast mitochondrion cytoskeleton cytoplasm centriolesWhen complete, M. Hee will check out your cells and ask questions. Each group member will be responsible for explaining about the structure that they have chosen to do on the Cell Analogy.
4th. Time to work on Cell Analogy Table Group Slideshow.
Nucleotides, example above, are the monomers of nucleic acids.
DNA, RNA, and ATP are all nucleic acids. DNA and RNA are used to store and transmit genetic information. ATP is used for cellular energy.
Enzymes can help speed up chemical reactions.
Carbohydrate structures left.
Carbohydrates are sugars with many functions.
-penny pile
-paper clip float
-tight rope walk
During a chemical reaction, energy is either absorbed (endothermic) or released (exothermic) as bonds in the reactant molecules are broken and new bonds are formed in the product molecules; essentially, energy is required to break bonds, and energy is released when new bonds form, with the overall energy change depending on the difference between these two processes.
Welcome back to school. I hope that you had a fantastic break! Please support Ms. Taylor as she helps out in my absence. I hope to be back later this week and am looking forward to see you soon! -M. Hee
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bullfrog
Yellow Star Thistle
Domestic and Feral Cats
Hello Honors Biology Students,
Please be kind to Ms. Daly in my absence. I will really appreciate your cooperation!
To keep things simple today there are two tasks:
1st. Complete these Population Book Questions and upload to Canvas. The information is presented in the book in the order of the questions, so once you get started it should be pretty "straight forward".
2nd. Work on Significant Topics Assignment by continuing your research and organizing the order in which information will be presented (the start of an outline). I suggest adding to the facts sheet that you turned in for check-in #1, but if you have a different method of organizing information that is fine too.
Extra time may be used to complete make-up work in this class, then work for other classes (study hall).
I appreciate your help today and look forward to seeing you next week...after your FOUR DAY WEEKEND!
-M. Hee
Using Statistics in Data Analysis
A standard bell curve is shown above. This is what we often find when sampling data found in nature.
Is the difference in the averages above due to random chance alone or a new blood pressure treatment?
Here's a link to a Desmos Calculator to use for your self completed calculations.
Here's a link to an Online Simpsons Diversity Calculator
Step 1. Divide the number of a particular species by the number of all organisms in the sample or ecosystem.
Step 2. Square the number you get from step 1 and "set it aside". This is the relative abundance squared.
Step 3. Do the same (steps 1 and 2) for each different species.
Step 4. Add all of the relative abundance squared together then subtract the number from 1. This number is the Simpsons Diversity Index. The larger the number, the greater the species diversity.
Fill out Canvas questions.
Type your mode of communication in this 5th Period Spreadsheet link 7th Period Spreadsheet Link
Organism Relationships in Soil
Type in your name and period at this 5th Period Spreadsheet link. 7th Period Spreadsheet Link
YOUR DO NOT NEED TO WATCH THE EMBEDDED VIDEO TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. If you wish to watch it, please do so outside of class time.
3. What happened to the diet of the Glaucous-winged Gull (Larus glaucescens) when sea otters disappeared?
4. What happened to the diet of Bald Eagles when sea otters disappeared?
5. What is a trophic cascade, and is the story of sea otters a good example?
6. View two of the case studies listed below and describe, in detail, how organisms found at the top of the energy pyramid can impact other organisms in the ecosystem. Name the specific organisms in your explanation.
-Arctic Tundra -Midwestern Lake -African Savannah -Venezuelan Lake
You could answer the questions in your notebook and upload a picture, upload a Google Document (or link to it), or simply type directly into the Canvas page. Your choice. Due Thursday, September 18th .
Are viruses alive? Why or why not?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fh4kXukWiEM National Geos Endangered Species
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vC8gJ0_9o4M