Can We Find Lessons from the Past to Inform Us about the Future?
The writings of Yuval Noah Harari have been inspirational to me recently. His philosophies, grounded in history, have had a significant impact on what I teach and how I help to prepare my students for THEIR future.
Harari has written three books profiled here. There are: Sapiens, Homo Deus, and 21 Lessons for the 21st Century.
I can relate to Harari's approach to history. Through a number of themes expressed in his book Sapiens, he explores how history, political science, economics, geography and culture have shaped our modern world.
His book Sapiens generated much attention from world leaders, philosophers and people of influence, such as Barrack Obama and Bill Gates. His ideas and interpretation of history have impacted the policies of government and humanitarian efforts.
It became apparent that Harari was thinking about how the events of the past were shaping our future and this is the premise of his second book, Homo Deus. Writing about the future can bring a lot of criticism, doubt and fear, but Harari reminds the reader we can find hope in transitions that society has experienced in the past. My biggest take away is that people's lives for much of the 19th and 20th centuries could be divided into two distinct periods: their student life and their work life . In the future people must commit to becoming life-long learners.
People must be prepared to learn and adapt to new jobs throughout their lives. The primary reason for this? Technology. Machines, and in particular, computers and algorithms.
This isn't the first time that machines have replaced humans, the industrial revolution was defined by machines replacing manual labor. Today and in the future our economy is being shaped by algorithms doing more of the problem solving that was the sole domain to humans for most of human history. Harari doesn't envision humans becoming obsolete, but rather working co-dependently with technology.
After reading, Homo Deus I found myself wanting more. The question that kept bouncing around in my head was, "How can I use Harari's work to help my students think about their futures and the world they will inherit?"
Fortunately Harari helped with this when he released his latest book, 21 Lessons for the 21st Century. Each chapter address problems that were generated from our past. He also looks to the past to inform us about possible solutions for the future.
Many societies are already in the problem solving mode, but unfortunately some of those solutions could have devastating consequences.
One of the those is the return of nationalism in a number of nations across the globe. It led to a number of human atrocities in the 20th Century and could come to the same conclusions in the 21st Century.