Grade 3:​

In grade three, students will continue to build their concept of numbers, developing an understanding of fractions as numbers. They will learn the concepts behind multiplication and division and apply problem-solving skills and strategies for multiplying and dividing numbers up through 100 to solve word problems. Students will also make connections between the concept of the area of a rectangle and multiplication and addition of whole numbers. Activities in these areas will include:

• Understanding and explaining what it means to multiply or divide numbers

• Multiplying all one-digit numbers from memory (knowing their times table)

• Multiplying one-digit numbers by multiples of 10 (such as 20, 30, 40)

• Solving two-step word problems using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

• Understanding the concept of area

• Relating the measurement of area to multiplication and division

• Understanding fractions as numbers

• Understanding and identifying a fraction as a number on a number line

• Comparing the size of two fractions

• Expressing whole numbers as fractions and identifying fractions that are equal to whole numbers (for example, recognizing that 3⁄1 and 3 are the same number)

• Measuring weights and volumes and solving word problems involving these measurements

​• Representing and interpreting data

Grade 4:

In grade four, students will use addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division to solve word problems, including problems involving measurement of volume, mass, and time. Students will continue to build their understanding of fractions—creating equal fractions, comparing the size of fractions, adding and subtracting fractions, and multiplying fractions by whole numbers. They will also start to understand the relationship between fractions and decimals. Activities in these areas will include:

• Adding and subtracting whole numbers up to 1 million quickly and accurately

• Solving multi-step word problems, including problems involving measurement and converting measurements from larger to smaller units

• Multiplying and dividing multi-digit numbers

• Extending understanding of fractions by comparing the size of two fractions with different numerators (top numbers) and different denominators (bottom numbers)

• Creating equal fractions (3 ⁄4 = 3x2⁄4x2 = 6 ⁄8)

• Adding and subtracting fractions with the same denominator

• Building fractions from smaller fractions (3 ⁄8 = 1⁄8+⁄1 8+⁄1 8)

• Connecting addition and subtraction of whole numbers to multiplying fractions by whole numbers

• Connecting addition of fractions to the concept of angle measurement

• Representing and interpreting data

• Converting fractions with denominators of 10 or 100 into decimals

• Locating decimals on a number line

• Comparing decimals and fractions using the symbols > (more than), = (equal to), and < (less than)