The Coastal Plains region includes the piney woods of East Texas, as well as the flat plains and beaches across south Texas. It also has the most rivers of any region, which empty into the Gulf of Mexico.

This region has hot and humid summers with mild winters. It is also the only Texas region to frequently experience hurricanes. The Coastal Plains receive abundant rainfall with 20-60 inches of precipitation each year.

The economy of the Gulf Coastal Plains region is dependent on timber and lumber from plentiful pine trees in the east. It also has farming and ranching, oil and gas, and tourism. 35% of Texas' international trade happens through ports on the Gulf Coast. The Port of Houston, located in Galveston Bay, is the largest port in Texas.

The Coastal Plains region has the most major cities of any region in Texas. Houston is the 4th largest city in the United States. It contains Austin, the capital of Texas. San Antonio offers tours of the Alamo, one of the original Spanish missions in Texas. Beaumont is where the oil boom began in Texas in 1901. Dallas hosts the Texas State Fair and the Cotton Bowl. The Coastal Plains region is also home to professional sports teams including the Spurs, Rockets, Mavericks, Stars, Cowboys, and Texans.