C-iTRACE

C-iTRACE: an isotope-enabled ocean-only deglacial simulation

C-iTRACE is a coarse resolution (3˚), ocean-only simulation run from the LGM (22ka) to present day using iPOP2, the isotope-enabled ocean component of the CESM1. This simulation was developed in order to better understand ocean circulation and tracer evolution during the last deglaciation, and it does so by providing a direct comparison to paleo-ocean proxy records via the inclusion of isotope tracers and active biogeochemistry. C-iTRACE is forced with monthly heat, freshwater, and momentum fluxes from TraCE-21Ka. Simulated tracers include carbon isotopes (D14C, d13C; Jahn et al. 2015), oxygen isotopes (d18O; Zhang et al. 2017), Neodymium (Gu et al. 2019, JAMES) and Pa/Th (Gu and Liu 2017).

Further details about the C-iTRACE simulation can be found in the following publications:

  • Gu et al. 2019 (Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology), which describes the C-iTRACE physical forcing and the d18O forcing

  • Gu et al. 2020, which describes all C-iTRACE isotope forcings but only at the LGM

  • Gu et al., 2021, which describes the transient forcing of carbon isotopes and the transient dust forcing

  • Zanowski et al. 2022, which describes the CiTRACE spin-up for various tracers


The C-iTRACE project was carried out at the University of Colorado Boulder, University of Wisconsin-Madison and the Ohio State university. This website was created as part of the University of Colorado Boulder effort.

CiTRACE was funded by

References:

  • Gu, S. and Liu, Z. (2017): 231Pa and 230Th in the ocean model of the Community Earth System Model (CESM1.3), Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 4723–4742, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4723-2017.

  • Gu, S., Liu, Z., Jahn, A., Rempfer, J., Zhang, J., & Joos, F. (2019). Modeling Neodymium Isotopes in the Ocean Component of the Community Earth System Model (CESM1). Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 11(3), 624–640. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018ms001538

  • Gu, S., Liu, Z., Lynch‐Stieglitz, J., Jahn, A., Zhang, J., Lindsay, K., & Wu, L. (2019). Assessing the Ability of Zonal d18O Contrast in Benthic Foraminifera to Reconstruct Deglacial Evolution of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34(5), 800–812. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003564

  • Gu, S., Liu, Z., Oppo, D. W., Lynch-Stieglitz, J., Jahn, A., Zhang, J., & Wu, L. (2020). Assessing the potential capability of reconstructing glacial Atlantic water masses and AMOC using multiple proxies in CESM. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 541, 116294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116294

  • Gu, S., Z. Liu, D. W. Oppo, J. Lynch-Stieglitz, A. Jahn, J. Zhang, K. Lindsay & L. Wu (2021), Remineralization dominating the δ13C decrease in the mid-depth Atlantic during the last deglaciation, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 571, 117106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117106

  • Jahn, A., Lindsay, K., Giraud, X., Gruber, N., Otto-Bliesner, B. L., Liu, Z., and Brady, E. C. (2015): Carbon isotopes in the ocean model of the Community Earth System Model (CESM1), Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2419–2434, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2419-2015

  • Zanowski, H., Jahn, A., Gu, S., Liu, Z., & Marchitto, T. M. (2022). Decomposition of deglacial Pacific radiocarbon age controls using an isotope-enabled ocean model. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 37, e2021PA004363. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021PA004363

  • Zhang, J., Liu, Z., Brady, E. C., Oppo, D. W., Clark, P. U., Jahn, A., Marcott, S. A., & Lindsay, K. (2017). Asynchronous warming and δ18O evolution of deep Atlantic water masses during the last deglaciation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(42), 11075–11080. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1704512114