Chapter 1 Introduction to information processing
1.1 Basic concept of Input Process Output
Open the shared folder 2015-2016_S4ICT - SectionA
Create a Google Docs called S4XYY_chapter1 where 4X is your class and YY is your class number.
Comments of setting permission:
- Setting permission is important in ICT. Sharing is a security control.
- You should not change other's file permission for fun.
- 3 of you haven't create the file in the folder. 4B10 set up 2 file, 4C01 set a wrong file name.
Your file name should be strictly followed the format
- By default, the file is shared to all S4 ICT students. So you should change the permission.
You are the owner, rhs-ct@rhs.edu.hk CAN EDIT, Remove other users.
Q1: Advantage of computer?
Fast / accurate
Huge storage space
Q2: Activities 1 (P.5)
1. Buying Drinks through a vending machine.
Input
Input object:
Coins / Money
Process
Action taken:
Select the drinks
Output
Output object:
Drinks
2. Washing clothes with a washing machine
Input
Input object:
Dirty Clothes
detergent
Process
Action taken:
Washing Clothes
Output
Clean Clothes
Five Basic components in a computer
- CPU
- Input device
- Output device
- Storage device: Primary / Main memory (RAM, ROM) , Secondary Storage (Hard disk, DVD/RW, USB drive, memory card)
Can a computer run without Hard disk?
Can a computer run without Main memory?
- Communication device
Q3: Name several Input devices. (at least 5)
- mouse / trackball
- keyboard
- Web camera
- Scanner
- Microphone
Q4: Name several Output devices (at least 5)
- Printer
- Monitor, Projector
- speaker
- headphone / earphone
Q5: State five types of multimedia elements.
Text, Graphics, Audio, Video, animation
1.2 Use of stored Programs
Program is a sequence of commands.
You should load your program into Main memory (RAM) before execution.
Examples:
Scripting language: *.cmd / *.bat in windows, javascript
Other program: App Inventor, Scratch.
Without Secondary storage, you have to retype the program every time you boot up a computer
1.3 Difference between data and information
Data is a collection of raw facts.
Information is data has been organised.
Some hot topics: Big Data, Data mining
1.4 Types of data
Revision
1 Byte = 8 bits
KB: KiloByte
MB: MegaByte
GB: GigaByte
TB: TeraByte
PB: PetaByte
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_prefix
Discuss in more details in chapter 3
Raw data: Text, image, video, audio
Animation is generated by computer.
More details will be discussed in Chapter 4.
Text are represented by character coding system
Demo: debug command in windows, dump, trace, unassembly
Q6 Complete the following 2 tables
Common Character coding system
1.5 Components of an information system.
Information System transform data into information
Data --> Information
Common objective of an information system
- forecasting
- planning
- coordination
- control
- decision making
- operational activities
Library using manual system
Q7 Refer to P.13-17 of the textbook, Complete the 2 tables below
Example: A point of sales System (Example)
At the front end, the point of sales terminal
Input
Process (stored program)
Output
At the back end, it can preform Inventory control, Sales analysis etc.
An information system consists of five interrelated components:
1.6 Information process
Information Life Cycle
Example: to automate the library system
1.7 Information Technology and the Information Age
Web based services
In S1-S3, we learnt Google Doc, Sheets, Presentation, Scratch, App Inventor.
Some new terms:
IoT: Internet of Things (萬物互聯)
O2O: Online to Offline.
Information age:
Information spreads rapidly and widely.
People can access up-to-date information easily.
Knowledge based society
Computers
Communication networks
- Broadband
- Mobile network: 3G / 4G
People:
- Information literate
Answer the questions in Self Assessment corner (P.33)
submission: Sept 22
Home work on Google Docs (Submit on Oct 7)
P.34 - P.38.
MC: 1- 10
SQ: 1-3
LQ: 1 - 2
Test on Oct 9 (Day 10) - 1 hour