AP Style Reference Page

The References page:

The References page is a list of sources that you used in the paper or product. This is the last page of your paper. Do not include sources that you did not use.

Does the References page relate to "parenthetical citations?" Yes. An APA style parenthetical citation for a book looks like this: (Smith, 5). In this example, Smith is the author of all the information that you quoted or paraphrased before it, and the number “5” is the page number where that information can be found. This has to correlate directly with a citation on the References page.

How is this different from a “bibliography?” A bibliography lists sources you used and reviewed. An annotated bibliography contains a short summary of the source and an explanation of why you chose to use it or not. Easybib.com allows you to add annotations if you wish.

Basic rules for the APA Style:

List References citations alphabetically by author's last name. If there’s no author, alphabetize by the first word of the title excluding a, an, or the. Do not number entries. Only list the author’s first initial and middle initial if listed.
The entire paper, including the References page, is in Times New Roman 12 pt., 1" margins & double-spaced. Indent five spaces after the first line in your References page.
Capitalize only the first letter of the first word in titles and after a colon, except for proper nouns such as people and places.
Do not abbreviate months. Put the year before the month and day after the author (ex: 2013, May 14).
If the author is the same for more than one entry in your References page, enter last name and initial, then put in order by year from earliest to most recent.
Give page numbers for chapters in anthologies & volume numbers for encyclopedias. For scholarly journals, list volume and issue numbers.
Web addresses are mandatory. List the URL at the end with no punctuation. Start with the word Retrieved, the date accessed, and from the URL. (ex: Retrieved May 3, 2013, from http://www.pbs.org)

With the teacher’s requirements, every page in your APA style paper should have a “running head.” Page numbers should be to the right and the TITLE OF YOUR PAPER up to 50 characters should be flush left. This should be done using a “header” in your word processing program.

EXAMPLES OF COMMON APA STYLE CITATIONS:

Print Book by a Single Author:

Benson, J. J. (1984). The true adventures of John Steinbeck, writer: A biography.

New York: Viking Press.

Parenthetical citation: (Benson, 1984, p. 203).

Print Book by two or more authors:

Gielgud, J., & Miller, J. (1992). Acting Shakespeare. New York: Scribner.

Parenthetical citation: (Gielgud & Miller, 1992, p. 54).

Print Magazine Article:

LaRoe, L. M. (1997, May). LaSalle's last voyage. National Geographic, 72-83.

Parenthetical citation: (LaRoe, 1997, pp. 82-83).

Print Encyclopedia:

Adams, Abigail Smith. (1971). In Notable American women 1607-1950 (Vol. 1, pp. 6-9).

Cambridge, MA: Belknap.

Parenthetical citation: ("Adams, Abigail Smith," 1971).

Personal Interview:

Personal communication such as email and interviews, which do not have recoverable data are not entered into the reference list. Only cite them as parenthetical citations.

Parenthetical citation: (B. Slater, Personal communication, November 13, 2009).

Databases often provide the citation for you, but make sure you have the APA style and double-check for accuracy. If there is no author or date listed, leave it out. APA rules state that you only need to put the retrieval date if the information may change over time.

Database Article (originally a book source – will never change over time):

Shillinglaw, S. (2010). Steinbeck and Ethnicity. In Critical Insights: John Steinbeck (pp.

252-274). Retrieved from Literary Reference Center.

Parenthetical citation: (Shillinglaw, 2010, p.258).

Database Article (originally a print journal – will never change over time):

Cochran, G., & Harpending, H. (2013). Paternal age and genetic load. Human Biology,

85(4), 515-527. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13110/

humanbiology.85.4.0515

Parenthetical citation: (Cochran & Harpending, 2013).

Database Article (written directly for the database – may change over time):

Congo Republic. (2013). Retrieved September 30, 2011, from

http://worldhistory.abc-clio.com

Parenthetical citation: ("Congo Republic," 2013).

Webpage with Author:

Landow, G. P. (2003, December 12). Wages and the costs of living. The Victorian

Web: An Overview. Retrieved September 30, 2011, from http://www.victorianweb.org/

economics/wages.html

Parenthetical citation: (Landow, 2003).

Webpage with No Author, Month, or Day:

In Search of Shakespeare. (2003). PBS. Retrieved September 30, 2011,

from http://www.pbs.org/shakespeare/evidence

Parenthetical citation: (“In Search of Shakespeare,” 2003).

Image (online) - If no artist or title listed, omit artist & describe work for the title:

Klee, P. (1922). Twittering machine [Painting found in Museum of Modern Art, New York].

In The Artchive. Retrieved September 30, 2011, from http://artchive.com/artchive

/K/klee/twittering_machine.jpg.html

Parenthetical citation: (Klee, 1922).

Online Video Clip:

Brendokeelo. (2007, December 3). Skitzles commercial. Retrieved September

30, 2011, from http://youtube.com/watch?v=2XXAQxpvHUc

Parenthetical citation: (Brendokeelo, 2007).

For other examples of citations, go to the Purdue University’s Online Writing Lab: owl.english.purdue.edu.

Your finished References page should look like this. All citations are all in alphabetical order, double-spaced, with an indent from the second line down. The example citations go in this order: Database, book, database, website.

Start with Easybib.com and APA

The style that you are using for this paper is called APA style. It is used for science and is different from MLA style. Whatever you do, don't mix the styles!

Register with Easybib if you haven't already. Enter the Monty Tech Library password in the Coupon Code box. (You need to register/login to access the APA options).
Login to Easybib and find your "project" or start a new one.
Choose as a default, APA style.
Add your citations.
Click on Print as Word Doc.
Choose to open with Word. Add your last name in the right corner and your page number in the left corner.

Adding Bibliographic Citations:

You have a choice of source material by virtue of the tabs along the top. You can also click on All 59 options to see their extensive list of sources. The default is “website.” If you are unsure what your source is, go to All 59. Note: Cite all photos, artwork, or diagrams that you find online in your paper or presentation.

Ask Your Librarian

For help with using Easybib.com, be sure to talk to your campus librarian.

How is the References page different from a bibliography?

At this point in the process, you should begin to assemble a bibliography of citations for your sources. Don’t even bother taking notes on a source without noting the bibliographic information. If so, you will have a lot of unnecessary work to do at the end of the project. If you think you could possibly use a source in your paper, you should add it into your Easybib list. You can always delete citations that you don’t use.

When you are researching, you get information from many places. It's important to list all those places in your paper or product. These authors gave you information, and you must give them credit. Give them credit by means of a Works Cited (or References page) and through parenthetical citations. If you don't give them credit, you are guilty of plagiarism, which is using someone else's ideas and words as your own.

How is this different from a “bibliography?”

A bibliography lists sources you used and reviewed. Easybib refers to your list of citations as a “bibliography” because it’s a work in progress. A source you add at this stage, you may choose not to use in your paper. You would just delete that source in Easybib before printing your final Works Cited or References page. An annotated bibliography contains a short summary of the source and an explanation of why you chose to use it or not. Easybib.com allows you to add annotations if you wish.

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