Mathematics

IEFA infusion in Math will not occur as frequently as subjects such as English and Social Studies. However, there are model lessons where Math can be applied to Indigenous ways of knowing, counting systems and calendars, crafts and contemporary concerns. See OPI's model lessons:

     Beading Patterns grade 10

     ​Montana Native American Populations grade 11

     Powwow Trails grade 9

     Reservation Land Areas grade 9/10

     Seven Stars grade 12

     Tipi Geometry and Trigonometry grade 10

Below are math lessons and resources developed by Brooke Taylor (Senior High math teacher) that you are also welcome to use. 

Many of the following math tasks are cross curricular in nature, providing students with opportunities for critical thinking and group work.

Geometry

Mathematical Practices 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7

Essential Understandings 1, 2, 3

Standards: 

G.CO.12 Make formal geometric constructions, including those representing Montana American Indians with a variety of tools and methods (compass and straight edge, string, reflective devices, paper folding, dynamic geometric software, etc) Copying a segment; copying a segment; copying an angle; bisecting an angle; constructing a line parallel to a given line through a point not on the line)

Double Ball

Algebra 2 for the whole task, or #1 & 2 could be used with Algebra 1

Mathematical Practices 1, 2, 4, 5, 6

Essential Understandings: 1, 2, 3

​Standards: A.REI.6 Solve systems of linear equations exactly and approximately ( e.g with graphs) focusing on paris of linear equations in two variables

A.REI.& Solve a simple system consisting of a linear equation and a quadratic equations in two variables algebraically and graphically. For example, find the points of intersection between the line y = -3x and the circle

Medicine Wheel Trigonometry

Algebra 2

Mathematical Practices 1, 2, 4, 6, 7

Essential Understandings 3, 6

Standards:

G.C.2 Identify and describe relationships among inscribed angles, radii and chords

G.C.5 Derive using similarity the fact that the length of the arc intercepted by an angle is proportional to the radius, and define the radian measure of the angle as the constant of proportionality; derive the formula of the area of a sector

F.TF.1 Understand radian measure of an angle as the length of the arc on the unit circle subtended by the angle

F.TF.2 Explain how the unit circle in the coordinate plane enables the extension of trigonometric fictions to all real numbers, interpreted as radian measures of angles traversed counterclockwise around the unit circle

In addition to the following lesson plan and materials, teachers can access contextual information in the following places:

• Montana Indians Yesterday and Today by William L Bryan Jr. This book is in school libraries. See pages 22-23 for information on the Medicine Wheel National Monument in the Bighorn Mountains.

• Contemporary application of medicine wheels for holistic wellness are below.

Reservation Estimation 

Geometry

Mathematical Practices 1, 2, 4, 5, 6

​Essential Understandings 4, 5

Standards:

G.MG.1 Use geometric shaped, their measures and their properties to describe objects (e.g. modeling a tree trunk of a human torso as a cylinder, modeling a tipi as a cone)

G.MG.2 Apply concepts of density based on area and volume in modeling situations (e.g. persons per square mile, BTUs per cubic foot)

G.MG.3 Apply geometric methods to solve design problems (e.g designing an object or structure to satisfy physical constraints or minimize cost; working with typographic grid systems based on ratios)

N.Q.1 Use units as a way to understand problems form a variety of contexts (e.g. science, history and culture) including those of Montana American Indians, and guide the solution of multi-step problems; choose and interpret units consistently in formulae; choose and interpret the scale and origin in graphs and data displays

6.G.1 Find the area of right triangles, other triangles, special quadrilaterals and polygons by composing into rectangles or decomposing into triangles and other shaped; apply these techniques in the context of solving real-world and mathematical problems within cultural contexts, including those of Montana American Indians. 

Exponential Growth and Decay

Algebra 1 or Algebra 2 (for review of exponential)

Mathematical Practices 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8

Essential Understandings 4, 5, 6

Standards:

F-IF.8.B Use the properties of exponents to interpret expressions for exponential functions. For example, identify percent rate of change in functions such as y = (1.02)t, y = (0.97)t, y = (1.01)12t, y = (1.2)t/10, and classify them as representing exponential growth or decay

A.CED.1 Create equations and inequalities in one variable and use them to solve problems from a variety of contexts (e.g. science, history, and culture) including those of Montana Indian. Include equations arising from linear and quadratic functions, and simple rational and exponential functions