ABSTRACT

This chapter explains the origin of the Buddhist politics and political regimes in the Buddhist scriptures. The uniqueness of the Kalachakra system that emerged during the 10th century CE is explained in terms of the politics it portrays. In the Kalachakra system, the Dharma King is the religious ruler as well as the political/ military ruler of the land, known as Shambala. The Tibet’s theocracy emerged in reliance on this tantra during the 16th century onward in which the rule of religion began. This chapter examines the depictions of Dharma Kings in the Tibetan society through artistic means such as thangkas.

Keywords: Buddhist Politics; Dharma King; Kalachakra System; Shambala; Theocracy; Rule of Religion; Thangkas.