Complete the Mandatory Orientation (& sign up on Remind) by January 17thst
Below you will find the learning objective, concept, idea, term, or theory that each question on the exam will cover. Each number in the following list refers to the question number on Exam 3 that will test your knowledge of that specific learning objective. Each of these topics/learning objectives is discussed in the textbook in the order that they are listed below. A much better understanding can often be attained by working through MyEconLab assignments connected to any of these objectives.
After reading Chapter 11, you should be able to:
Explain who the Classical Economists were, state what Say’s Law is and explain what it means.
List the four assumptions of the Classical Model and explain the implications of these assumptions.
Explain and illustrate why Saving and Investment tend to equality and explain and illustrate why unemployment will not be a persistent problem in the labor market.
Describe the short- and long-run determination of equilibrium real GDP and the price level in the Classical Model based on the LRAS.
Explain the circumstances under which the short-run aggregate supply curve may be either horizontal or upward sloping but not vertical like the LRAS.
Explain how the national economy might experience fixed or changing price levels and output in the short run using the SRAS and shifts in AD.
List and explain what factors can cause shifts in the short-run and the long-run aggregate supply curves respectively.
Explain and illustrate the consequence of an increase in AD and the consequence of a decrease in AD (assuming that the SRAS and LRAS curves are stable).
Explain what Demand-Pull Inflation and Cost-Push Inflation are and how they differ. Students should be able to use the AD/SRAS/LRAS model in doing so.
Explain how the appreciation or depreciation of the dollar affects the national economy using the AD/SRAS/LRAS model.
Below you will find the learning objective, concept, idea, term, or theory that each question on the exam will cover. Each number in the following list refers to the question number on Exam 3 that will test your knowledge of that specific learning objective. Each of these topics/learning objectives is discussed in the textbook in the order that they are listed below. A much better understanding can often be attained by working through MyEconLab assignments connected to any of these objectives.
After reading Chapter 12, you should be able to:List and explain the four simplifying assumptions of the Keynesian Model and explain the implications of these assumptions.
Define and explain the relationship between the following terms: a) consumption, b) consumption goods, c) saving, d) disposable income, e) investment, f) capital goods, g) stocks, and h) flows.
Explain what the Keynesian Consumption Function is, and they should be able graph it on a graph with a 45-degree reference line and be able to interpret such a graph.
Define, distinguish between, and explain the relationship between the following concepts related to the Keynesian Consumption Function: a) Autonomous Consumption, b) Average Propensity to Consume, c) Average Propensity to Save, d) Marginal Propensity to Consume, and e) Marginal Propensity to Save.
Explain what the Keynesian Planned Investment Function is and how planned investment is determined by the function. Students should also understand how investment spending is included in the Keynesian 45-degree graph with consumption spending, See Figure 12-4.
Explain how equilibrium is determined in a simple Keynesian model that includes only consumption spending and investment spending in the context of the 45-degree reference line graph and the Saving and Investment graph. In reference to both these graphs, students should also be able to distinguish between Planned and Actual Investment and explain how unplanned changes in business inventories affect the national economy.
Explain and illustrate (using the 45-degree reference line graph) how the national economy comes to an equilibrium when Government Spending (G) and Net Exports (X=exports – imports) are added to Consumption Spending and Investment Spending. Students should understand in this context what it means to say that Investment Spending, Government Spending, and Net Exports are autonomous from Real GDP.
Explain what the Multiplier Effect is and how it works in the context of Table 12-3 and Figure C-1.
State the two different formulas for the multiplier (First: Multiplier = 1/(1-MPC) = 1/MPS; Second: Multiplier = (Ultimate change in equilibrium real GDP)/(change in autonomous spending)) and be able to solve simple algebraic problems involving these formulas.
Explain how the Multiplier works when we assume Price Level is not fixed (SRAS slopes upward) in the context of Figure 12-7, AND the relationship between Total Planned Expenditure (C+I+G+X) and Aggregate Demand in the context of Figure 12-8.
Below you will find the learning objective, concept, idea, term, or theory that each question on the exam will cover. Each number in the following list refers to the question number on Exam 3 that will test your knowledge of that specific learning objective. Each of these topics/learning objectives is discussed in the textbook in the order that they are listed below. A much better understanding can often be attained by working through MyEconLab assignments connected to any of these objectives.
After reading Chapter 13, you should be able to:Define: discretionary fiscal policy, expansionary, contractionary, policy tools.
Explain how Congress can use fiscal policy to close inflationary and recessionary gaps, changing both real GDP and the price level.
Show how fiscal policy changes appear on the AD/AS graph and determine the appropriate policy choice.
Show graphically how crowding out reduces the effectiveness of fiscal policy.
Explain why the Ricardian equivilence theorem predicts that frequent changes in tax rates produce very little change in consumer spending?
Explain and show graphically how both direct expenditure offsets and the permanent income hypothesis reduce the effectiveness of discretionary fiscal policy.
Draw the Laffer curve and use it to show how supply-side economists explain how a reduction in marginal tax rates could bring about an increase in tax revenues.
Define the three fiscal policy lags (recognition, action and effect) and how they complicate using fiscal policy to 'fine-tune' the economy.
Identify the automatic stabilizers and explain how they minimize changes in the GDP.
Explain when fiscal policy is most likely to be effective and when least likely to be effective.
After reading Chapter 15, you should be able to:
Define and explain the four functions of money.
Indentify the key properties that any good that functions as money must possess especially in a fiduciary monetary system.
Define liquidity. Explain which assets are liquid, which are not, and why not.
Define the transactions (M1) and liquidity (M2) approaches to defining money making sure you know which components are in which definition.
Explain how financial intermediaries lower transactions costs, and define: "direct financing," "indirect financing," "risk," " "asymmetric information,""adverse selection," "moral hazard," "assets," and "liabilities."
Explain how the Fed is organized, who is included on the Board of Governors and the Federal Open Market Committee, and the structure and function of the district banks as well.
List and explain the functions of the Fed and who is responsible for each function?
Explain the process through which the Federal Reserve controls the money supply in a fractional reserve banking system.
Define the money multiplier and specify it in two functional forms.
Explain the central features of federal deposit insurance, how it can prevent bank runs, and how its activities can affect asymentric information and moral hazard.