Describe the impact of a computing innovation.
Learning Objective:
Explain how an effect of a computing innovation can be
both beneficial and harmful
IOC-1.A.1
People create computing innovations.
IOC-1.A.2
The way people complete tasks often changes
to incorporate new computing innovations.
IOC-1.A.3
Not every effect of a computing innovation is
anticipated in advance.
IOC-1.A.4
A single effect can be viewed as both beneficial
and harmful by different people, or even by the
same person.
IOC-1.A.5
Advances in computing have generated and
increased creativity in other fields, such as
medicine, engineering, communications, and
the arts.
Learning Objective:
Explain how a computing innovation can have an impact beyond its intended purpose.
IOC-1.B.1
Computing innovations can be used in ways
that their creators had not originally intended:
§ The World Wide Web was originally intended
only for rapid and easy exchange of
information within the scientific community.
§ Targeted advertising is used to help
businesses, but it can be misused at both
individual and aggregate levels.
§ Machine learning and data mining have
enabled innovation in medicine, business,
and science, but information discovered in
this way has also been used to discriminate
against groups of individuals.
IOC-1.B.2
Some of the ways computing innovations can
be used may have a harmful impact on society,
the economy, or culture.
IOC-1.B.3
Responsible programmers try to consider the
unintended ways their computing innovations
can be used and the potential beneficial and
harmful effects of these new uses.
IOC-1.B.4
It is not possible for a programmer to consider
all the ways a computing innovation can be
used.
IOC-1.B.5
Computing innovations have often had
unintended beneficial effects by leading to
advances in other fields.
IOC-1.B.6
Rapid sharing of a program or running a
program with a large number of users can result
in significant impacts beyond the intended
purpose or control of the programmer.
portions will no