Governance in the Arctic is increasingly complex and the stakes are high. There is growing recognition of the importance of non-state actors, inclusive of sovereign Indigenous communities and nations, corporations and non-profit organizations connected within and across jurisdictions and extending from local to global. Making progress on governance challenges requires reimagining governance and moving beyond traditional, top-down conceptualizations of hierarchy and power dynamics. This will enable both novel understandings and new governance arrangements to emerge that can make a difference in the lives of Arctic peoples and ecosystems.