. . . we were alarmed one morning, just at the break of day, by the horrible uproar caused by mingled shouts of men, and blows given with heavy sticks, upon large wooden drums. The village was surrounded by enemies, who attacked us with clubs, long wooden spears, and bows and arrows. After fighting for more than an hour, those who were not fortunate enough to run away were made prisoners. It was not the object of our enemies to kill; they wished to take us alive and sell us as slaves. I was knocked down by a heavy blow of a club, and when I recovered from the stupor that followed, I found myself tied fast with the long rope . . . We were immediately led away from this village, through the forest, and were compelled to travel all day as fast as we could walk.... We traveled three weeks in the woods . . . when we came in sight of what appeared to me the most wonderful object in the world; this was a large ship at anchor in the river . . . the white people -- for such they were on board -- assisted to take us on the deck. The persons who brought us down the river received payment for us of the people in the ship, in various articles, of which I remember that a keg of liquor, and some yards of blue and red cotton cloth were the principal.

About twenty persons were seized in our village at the time I was; and amongst these were three children so young that they were not able to walk or to eat any hard substance . . . when they put us in irons to be sent to our place of confinement in the ship, the men who fastened the irons on these mothers took the children out of their hands and threw them over the side of the ship into the water. 

…[O]ur fathers had plenty of deer and skins, our plains were full of deer, as also our woods, and of turkeys, and our coves full of fish and fowl. But these [Europeans] having gotten our land, they with scythes cut down the grass, and with axes fell the trees; their cows and horses eat the grass, and their hogs spoil our clam banks, and we shall all be starved…”

“Beginning with La Isabela (Columbus’s first settlement), European expeditions brought cattle, sheep, and horses, along with crops like sugar cane (originally from New Guinea), wheat (from the Middle East), bananas (from Africa), and coffee (also from Africa)…Cattle and sheep ground the American vegetation between their flat teeth, prevent the regrowth of native shrubs and trees.  Beneath their hooves would sprout grasses from Africa, possibly introduced from slave ship bedding.”