Multi-track recording

Live recording

Recorded on tape and distributed on vinyl

4/4 time

Moderate speed - 90-110 bpm

Heavily syncopated

'The One' - emphasis on the downbeat

Swung 16th notes

Accented rhythms

Complex grooves - collection of grooves

Slower and more syncopated that disco

Drums - less use of fills

Drums - use of ghost notes and rim shots

Drums - open and close hi-hats

Some bands use two drummers

Push rhythms

Bass use flanger, chorus, auto-wah and overdrive fuzz

Clean sound on a guitar

Wah wah pedal on guitar

Phaser effect

Diatonic

Sometimes modal - Dorian and Mixolydian

Use of Blues scale

Riffs & Hooks - bass

Improvisation

Funk uses yells, shouts, hollers, moans, humming and melodic riffs

Call and response - lead singer and backing vocalists

Harmony used in vocal lines

Lyrics are about issues faced by the African American community in the US during the 70's

Standard rock band set up with wind instruments

Guitars

Bass

Drums

Vocals

Keys

Trumpets

Saxophones

Acoustic piano

Electric piano

Clavinet

Hammond B-3 Organ

Synthesizers - Minimoog

Use of slap and popping bass

Chicken scratch strumming

Palm muting

Gender Stratocasters and Telecasters were used for their treble tone

Triads

7ths

Sus chords

Extended chords - minor chords with added 7ths and 11ths

Strong rhythmic groove of a bassline - most important in songs

Slow moving harmony

Dominant 7ths with altered 9ths and 13ths