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Journal Papers

Broomrape Control With Flooding, Hand Mowing and Their Effects on Yield and

Some Growth characteristics of Tobacco Plants Nicotiana tabacum L.

SUMMARY

Field experiment was carried out during the growing season of 2001 in two locations. The first one in Zirguez and the second in Girdjan to study the effect of three flooding treatments (non flooding, one flooding and two floodings) and three hand Weeding (Mowing) of broomrape , (One mowing, two mowings and three mowings) on yield and some growth characteristics of tobacco plants.

The results showed that the flooding treatments significantly affected the dry weight of broomrape in the treatment unit , it was found that the yield of dry tobacco leaves increased significantly with flooding treatments , and the treatment of one flooding gave the highest yield of dry yield.

The results indicated that the leaf area of middle and upper leaves increased significantly with flooding treatments .

The mean of the two locations indicated that the hand weeding for two or three times during the growing season decreased the dry weight of broomrape significantly in the treatments unit.

It was found that the dry weight of tobacco plant increased significantly as a result of hand Weeding for two or three times and the hand weeding for three time gave the maximum yield.

Journal Papers

The Effect of Root Clipping on Growth Characteristics and Yield of

Oriental Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L.

Mohammad Tofik Mohammad University of Sulaimani, College of Agriculture, Crop Science Department

Received: 28/01/2008 Accepted: 10/05/2008

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted at the research experimental stations; Bazian and Muan, Sulaimani during 2003 seasons to evaluate the effect of root clipping to avoid the bending of roots tip in four treatments (transplanting Small, Medium, Large seedling without root clipping and Large seedling with root clipping) on some growth characteristics and yield of oriental tobacco. Generally results of combined analysis of both locations showed the exceeding of the treatment of transplanting Large seedling with root clipping in most important characters, which has mostly the similar effect with the treatments of transplanting Small and Medium seedlings, while the treatment of Large seedling without root clipping showed undesirable values for most studied characters.

Keywords: Oriental Tobacco, Transplanting, Root clipping, Undercutting.

Conference Papers

1. Response of growth and agronomic characters of Some Triticale and Barley Genotypes for Different Seed Rates¹
   1. Mohammad T. Mohammad* (Corresponding author), Chnar H. Mohammed^**
   2. *Faculty of Agricultural Sciences. University of Sulaimani, e-mail: drmohammadt@gmail.com
   3. ** Halabja Agricultural Technical College. Sul. Polytechnic University, email: Nsozyar@yahoo.com
   4. Abstract:
   5. This study was carried out during winter season of 2010-2011 at two different locations Halabja and Qlyasan research stations. The objective of this research was to study the effects of genotypes, seed rates and their interactions on some growth and agronomic characters of some triticale and barley genotypes (Roaeda, Eronga-95 and Clossbied) (IPA 99, Bip 999 and NS 313) respectively, under four different seed rates (80, 120, 160, 200 kg/ha). The experiments were laid out according to split plot design with three replications. The results confirmed the presence of significant differences among genotypes for all agronomic characters at both locations and their average with the exception of flag leaf area and flag leaf dry weight during Qlyasan location. The results of statistical analysis revealed the presence of non significant effects of seed rates on growth and agronomic characters at both locations and their average with the exception of number of days from seeding to physiological maturity, which was highly significant at both locations with their average. Statistical results showed that, there were no significant differences due to the effect of interaction between genotypes and seed rates on growth and agronomic characters at both locations and their average.
   6. Keywords: Genotypes; barley; triticale; hybrid; breeding; cereal crop; seed rates; agronomic.
2. Response of yield and yield component characters of Some Triticale and Barley Genotypes for Different Seed Rates¹
   2. M.T. Mohammad (Corresponding author)^*, C. H. Mohammed^**
   3. *Faculty of Agricultural Sciences. University of Sulaimani, e-mail: drmohammadt@gmail.com
   4. ** Halabja Agricultural Technical College. Sul. Polytechnic University, email: Nsozyar@yahoo.com
   5. Abstract:
   6. This study was carried out during winter season of 2010-2011 at two different locations Halabja and Qlyasan research stations. The objective of this research was to study the effects of genotypes, seed rates and their interactions on yield and yield component characters of six triticale and barley genotypes (Roaeda, Eronga-95 and Clossbied-No.5) (IPA 99, Bip 999 and NS 313), under four different seed rates (80, 120, 160, 200 kg/ha). The experiments were laid out according to split plot design with three replications.
   7. There were no significant differences among genotypes for the yield characters at both locations and their average, while there were highly significant differences among genotypes for some yield component characters at both locations. At the average of both locations the mean squares of genotypes were also highly significant for all yield component characters with the exception of spike weight/plant and grain weight/plant. The results indicated that the effect of seed rates was significant on grain yield at both locations with their average and harvest index at Halabja location and their average. It was noticed that the effect of seed rates was significant on some yield component characters at Halabja location such as spike length, average spike weight, number of grains/spike and grain weight/spike, whereas there were significant effects of seed rates on all yield component characters at Qlyasan location with the exception of number of spikelet/spike and 1000 grain weight. At the average of both locations, there were significant effects of seed rates on spike length, average spike weight, spike weight/plant, number of grains/spike and grain weight/spike. The interaction effect between genotypes and seed rates were significant on average spike weight, grain weight/ spike and number of grain / spikelet at Halabja location, whereas the interaction effect was significant on spike length and number of grains/spike at Qlyasan location. At the average of both locations, the interaction effect was significant on average spike weight.
   8. Keywords: Genotypes; barley; triticale; hybrid; breeding; cereal crop; seed rates; yield; yield components.
3. Evaluation of some chemical compositions of Iraqi tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) genotypes seeds
   1. Mohammad Tofiq Mohammad and Nawroz Abdul-razzak Tahir
   2. University of Sulaimani, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Field Crops Department, Bakrajo, Sulaimani, Iraq
   3. Email:nawrozbiology@gmail.com
   4. Abstract
   5. Ten tobacco genotypes grown in Sulaimani-Iraq were investigated in this study. The aim of this research was to determine the chemical composition and fatty composition of different genotypes of tobacco. There were significant differences among genotypes for all studied characters. Protein, ash, fiber and oil contents ranged from 20.861 to 23.872%, from 2.067 to 3.467%, from 13.66 to 19.33 and from 24.56 to 41.933 respectively. The results obtained from phospholipid, sterols and tocopherol showed significant difference among all genotypes.The content of phospholipids, sterols and tocopherols in the oils was 0.453-1.167, 0.2-0.373 and 0.005-0.007 respectively. The results showed significant difference among genotype for all saturated and unsaturated fatty acid. Palmitic saturated fatty acid (21.33 to 25.667%) and oleic unsaturated fatty acid (17.00 to 26.667%) were predominated in the oils.
   6. Keywords: Tobacco seed, Chemical compositions, Fatty acid, Genetic variation