Dr. Papaleontiou's clinical practice focuses on general endocrinology, thyroid disorders and thyroid cancer. She is especially interested in the treatment of endocrine disorders in older adults.

Dr. Papaleontiou conducts health services research at the University of Michigan. Her research is supported by the NIA and multiple pilot awards. She has been recognized with the 2021 ASCI Young Physician Scientist Award, the 2021 AACE Rising Star in Endocrinology Award and the 2021 Women Advancing Thyroid Research Award from the American Thyroid Association.