- refers to the education or training process which involves, in addition to general education, the study of technologies and related sciences and acquisition of practical skills relating to occupations in various sectors of economic and social life. (TESDA Circular No. 7 s. 2016)
- a comprehensive term that includes all educational and training processes concerned with the study of technologies and related sciences and directed toward the acquisition of occupational competencies that are essential for gainful participation in economic and social activities. (TESDA Circular No. 31 s. 2012)