Bibliography

Some Secondary Sources on Sutton Griggs (Additional Links Are Forthcoming)

*Bone, Robert. The Negro Novel in America. Rev. ed. New Haven: Yale UP, 1965.

*Briggs, Gabriel A. “Imperium in Imperio: Sutton E. Griggs and the New Negro of the South.” Southern Quarterly 43.3 (2008): 153-76.

---. The New Negro in the Old South, New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 2015.

*Brown, Sterling. The Negro Caravan. New York: Dryden, 1941.

*Bruce, Dickson D. Black American Writing from the Nadir: The Evolution of a Literary Tradition, 1877-1915. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 1989.

*Chakkalakal, Tess and Kenneth W. Warren. Jim Crow, Literature, and the Legacy of Sutton E. Griggs. Athens : U of Georgia P, 2013.

http://www.ugapress.org/index.php/books/jim_crow_literature_and_the_legacy_of_sutton_e._griggs/

*Coleman, Finnie D. Sutton E. Griggs and the Struggle against White Supremacy. Knoxville: U of Tennessee P, 2007.

*Curry, Eric. “‘The Power of Combinations’: Sutton Griggs’s Imperium in Imperio and the Science of Collective Efficiency.” American Literary Realism 43.1 (2010): 23-40.

*Davidson, Adenike Marie. "Double Leadership, Double Trouble: Critiquing Double Consciouness and Racial Uplift in Sutton E. Griggs's Imperium in Imperio." CLA Journal 48 (2004): 127-55.

*Du Bois, W. E. B. “Negro Art and Literature.” 1924. Sundquist. 311-24.

*Elder, Arlene. The ‘Hindered Hand’: Cultural Implications of Early African-American Fiction. Westport: Greenwood, 1978.

*Fabi, M. Giulia. Passing and the Rise of the African American Novel. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 2001.

*Fitts, Leroy. A History of Black Baptists. Nashville: Boardman, 1985.

*Fleming, Robert F. "Sutton E. Griggs: Militant Black Novelist." Phylon 34 (1973): 73-77.

*Frazier, Larry. "Sutton E. Griggs's Imperium in Imperio As Evidence of Black Baptist Radicalism." Baptist History & Heritage Journal 35 (Spr. 2000): 72-91.

*Fullinwilder, S. P. The Mind and Mood of Black America. Homewood: Dorsey, 1969.

*Freeman, William Augustus. The Devil between the White Man and the Negro. St.Louis: Freeman-Norwood, 1907.

*Gatewood, Willard B. Black Americans and the White Man’s Burden, 1898-1903. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1975.

*Gillman Susan. Blood Talk: American Race Melodrama and the Culture of the Occult. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2003.

*Gloster, Hugh M. Preface. Imperium in Imperio. By Sutton E. Griggs. New York: Arno, 1969. iii-viii.

---. "Sutton E. Griggs: Novelist of the New Negro." Phylon 4 (1943): 335-45.

*Greene, Adrian. "Church within a Church: Sutton E. Griggs' Imperium in Imperio and the Middle Way within the National Baptist Convention." Mississippi Quarterly (forthcoming)

*Gruesser, John Cullen. Black on Black: Twentieth-Century African American Writing about Africa. Lexington: UP of Kentucky, 2000.

---. The Empire Abroad and the Empire at Home: African American Literature and the Era of Overseas Expansion. Athens: U of Georgia P, 2012.

http://www.ugapress.org/index.php/books/empire_abroad_empire_at_home/

---. “Seeking Justice through Novel Writing and Book Publishing: Sutton Griggs’s Commitment to Literature and Battles in Print,” Baptist History & Heritage Journal 50 (Sum. 2015): 4-16.

*Harvey, Paul. Redeeming the South: Religious Cultures and Racial Identities among Southern Baptists, 1865-1925. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1997.

---. “Richard Henry Boyd: Black Business and Religion in the Jim Crow South.” Portraits of African American Life since 1865. Ed. Nina Mjagkij. Wilmington: Scholarly Resources, 2003. 51-68.

*Johnson, Lynn R. “A Return to the Black (W)hole: Mitigating the Trauma of Homelessness in Sutton E. Griggs’s Imperium in Imperio.” Southern Literary Journal 42 (Spring 2010): 12-33.

*Karafilis, Maria. “Oratory, Embodiment, and US Citizenship in Sutton E. Griggs’s Imperium in Imperio.” African American Review 43.1 (2010): 125-43.

*Kay, Roy. "Sutton E. Griggs." African American Authors, 1745-1945: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook. Ed. Emmanuel S. Nelson. Westport: Greenwood, 2000. 188-93.

*Kellman, Steven G. “Imagining Texas as a Black Utopia.” Rev. of Imperium in Imperio, by Sutton E. Griggs. The Texas Observer 27 Feb. 2004. Web. 5 Sept. 2008.

*Knadler, Stephen. “Sensationalizing Patriotism: Sutton Griggs and the Sentimental Nationalism of Citizen Tom.” American Literature 79.4 (2007): 673-99.

*Knight, Alisha R. “‘To have the benefit of some special machinery’: African American Book Publishing and Bookselling, 1900-1920.” U.S. Popular Print Culture, 1860-1920. Ed. Christine Bold. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2012.

*Kramer, David. “Imperium in Imperio: Sutton Griggs’s Imagined War of 1898.” War, Literature & the Arts 25 (2013): 1-21.

*Levander, Caroline. “Sutton Griggs and the Borderlands of Empire.” American Literary History 22.1 (Spring 2010): 57-84.

*Lovett, Bobby L. The African-American History of Nashville, Tennessee, 1780-1930: Elites and Dilemmas. Fayetteville: U of Arkansas P, 1999.

---. A Black Man’s Dream: The First 100 Years: Richard Henry Boyd and the National Baptist Publishing Board. Jackson: Mega, 1993.

*Manuel, Carme. "Sutton Griggs's Imperium in Imperio and the Spanish-American War: The Battle for Black Constitutional Nationalism," Innocence and Loss: Representations of War and National Identity in the United States, ed. Alsina Risquesz and Cristina Stretch, Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars, 2014, 49-76.

*Martin, Sandy D. Black Baptists and African Missions: The Origins of a Movement 1880-1915. Macon: Mercer UP, 1989.

*Moses, Wilson Jeremiah. The Golden Age of Black Nationalism, 1850-1925. New York: Oxford UP, 1988.

---. “Literary Garveyism: The Novels of Reverend Sutton E. Griggs.” Phylon 40.3 (1979): 203-16.

*Murphy, Gretchen. Shadowing the White Man’s Burden: U.S. Imperialism and the Problem of the Color Line. New York: New York UP, 2010.

*Payne, James Robert. “Afro-American Literature of the Spanish-American War.” MELUS 10.3 (Fall 1983): 19-32.

*Rampersad, Arnold. “Griggs, Sutton E[lbert]. Dictionary of American Negro Biography. Ed. Rayford W. Logan and Michael R. Winston. New York: Norton, 1982. 271.

*Rice, Anne P., ed. Witnessing Lynching: American Writers Respond. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 2003.

*Smith, Felipe, American Body Politics: Race, Gender, and Black Literary Renaissance, Athens: U of Georgia P, 1998.

*Smith, John David. “‘My Books Are Hard Reading for a Negro’: Tom Dixon and His African American Critics, 1905-1939.” Thomas Dixon Jr. and the Birth of Modern America. Ed. Michelle K. Gillespie and Randal L. Hall. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 2006. 46-79.

*Sundquist, Eric J., ed. The Oxford W. E. B. Du Bois Reader. New York: Oxford UP, 1996.

*Tal, Kali. “‘That Just Kills Me’: Black Militant Near-Future Fiction.” Social Text 20.2 (Sum. 2002): 65-91.

*Taylor-Thompson, Betty E. "Sutton Elbert Griggs." Dictionary of Literary Biography Vol. 50: Afro-American Writers before the Harlem Renaissance. Ed. Trudier Harris and Thadious M. Davis. Detroit: Gale, 1984. 140-48.

*Tracey, Steven C. "Saving the Day: The Recorded Sermons of Sutton Griggs." Phylon 47 (1986): 159-66.

*Tucker, David M. Black Pastors and Leaders: Memphis, 1819-1972. Memphis: Memphis State UP, 1975.

*Vesela, Paula. “Neither Black Nor White: The Critical Utopias of Sutton E. Griggs and George S. Schuyler.” Science Fiction Studies 38.2 (2011): 270-87.

*Walker, Randolph Meade. “The Metamorphosis of Sutton E. Griggs: A Southern Black Baptist Minister’s Transformation in Theological and Sociological Thought during the Early Twentieth Century.” Ph.D. diss. University of Memphis, 1990.

*Wallinger, Hanna. “Sutton E. Griggs against Thomas Dixon’s ‘Vile Misrepresentations’: The Hindered and and The Leopard’s Spots.” Chakkalakal and Warren. 167-85.

---. "Sutton E. Griggs's Imperium in Imperio and W. E. B. Du Bois's Dark Princess: Secret Societies and Dark Empires." Empire--American Studies. Ed. John G. Blair and Reinholt Wagnleitner. Tuebingen: Gunter Narr, 1997.

*Wells, Jeremy. Romances of the White Man’s Burden: Race, Empire, and the Plantation in American Literature, 1880-1936. Nashville: Vanderbilt UP, 2011.

*Williams, Andreá N. Dividing Lines: Class Anxiety & Postbellum Black Fiction. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 2013.

*Winter, Molly Crumpton. American Narratives: Multiethnic Writing in the Age of Realism. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 2007.