Embedded Files
Post date: Sep 23, 2019 5:26:34 PM
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List Available Plans
Cost is minimized by selecting a pre-configured plan with fixed number of CPU cores, memory size, and disk size. Additional virtual disks and network interfaces can be added. Custom plans with freely configured CPU core count, memory size and disk size will cost more.
List the available plans:
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chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/plan
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 06 Aug 2019 08:29:44 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 2453
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"plans" : {
"plan" : [
{
"core_number" : 1,
"memory_amount" : 1024,
"name" : "1xCPU-1GB",
"public_traffic_out" : 1024,
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_tier" : "maxiops"
},
{
"core_number" : 1,
"memory_amount" : 2048,
"name" : "1xCPU-2GB",
"public_traffic_out" : 2048,
"storage_size" : 50,
"storage_tier" : "maxiops"
},
{
"core_number" : 2,
"memory_amount" : 4096,
"name" : "2xCPU-4GB",
"public_traffic_out" : 4096,
"storage_size" : 80,
"storage_tier" : "maxiops"
},
{
"core_number" : 4,
"memory_amount" : 8192,
"name" : "4xCPU-8GB",
"public_traffic_out" : 5120,
"storage_size" : 160,
"storage_tier" : "maxiops"
},
{
"core_number" : 6,
"memory_amount" : 16384,
"name" : "6xCPU-16GB",
"public_traffic_out" : 6144,
"storage_size" : 320,
"storage_tier" : "maxiops"
},
{
"core_number" : 8,
"memory_amount" : 32768,
"name" : "8xCPU-32GB",
"public_traffic_out" : 7168,
"storage_size" : 640,
"storage_tier" : "maxiops"
},
{
"core_number" : 12,
"memory_amount" : 49152,
"name" : "12xCPU-48GB",
"public_traffic_out" : 9216,
"storage_size" : 960,
"storage_tier" : "maxiops"
},
{
"core_number" : 16,
"memory_amount" : 65536,
"name" : "16xCPU-64GB",
"public_traffic_out" : 10240,
"storage_size" : 1280,
"storage_tier" : "maxiops"
},
{
"core_number" : 20,
"memory_amount" : 131072,
"name" : "20xCPU-128GB",
"public_traffic_out" : 24576,
"storage_size" : 2048,
"storage_tier" : "maxiops"
},
{
"core_number" : 20,
"memory_amount" : 98304,
"name" : "20xCPU-96GB",
"public_traffic_out" : 12288,
"storage_size" : 1920,
"storage_tier" : "maxiops"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
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The memory_amount is in MB, public_traffic_out and storage_size are in GB.
To have your own custom configuration of CPU core count, memory size and disk type and size, you must configure with valid combination of CPU core count and memory size. The valid combinations are:
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chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server_size
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 06 Aug 2019 18:00:24 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 242550
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server_sizes" : {
"server_size" : [
{
"core_number" : "1",
"memory_amount" : "1024"
},
{
"core_number" : "1",
"memory_amount" : "2048"
},
{
"core_number" : "1",
"memory_amount" : "3072"
},
{
"core_number" : "1",
"memory_amount" : "4096"
},
{
"core_number" : "1",
"memory_amount" : "5120"
},
{
"core_number" : "1",
"memory_amount" : "6144"
},
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List Resouce Prices
List resource prices:
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chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/price
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 07 Aug 2019 17:37:34 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 23707
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"prices" : {
"zone" : [
{
"firewall" : {
"amount" : 1,
"price" : 0.56
},
"io_request_backup" : {
"amount" : 1000000,
"price" : 0
},
"io_request_maxiops" : {
"amount" : 1000000,
"price" : 0
},
"ipv4_address" : {
"amount" : 1,
"price" : 0.336
},
"ipv6_address" : {
"amount" : 1,
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UpCloud resources are billed by the hour according to the price list.
List Available Templates
UpCloud servers are created from templates.
List available templates:
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chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/template
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 07 Aug 2019 17:55:55 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 4380
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storages" : {
"storage" : [
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 3.36,
"size" : 28,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000010050200"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0.694,
"size" : 28,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000010050300"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 3.36,
"size" : 28,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Windows Server 2016 Datacenter",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000010060200"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0.694,
"size" : 29,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Windows Server 2016 Standard",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000010060300"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 3.36,
"size" : 25,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Windows Server 2019 Datacenter",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000010070200"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0.694,
"size" : 25,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Windows Server 2019 Standard",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000010070300"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 3,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Debian GNU/Linux 8.11 (Jessie)",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000020030100"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 3,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Debian GNU/Linux 9.9 (Stretch)",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000020040100"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 3,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Debian GNU/Linux 10.0.0 (Buster)",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000020050100"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 3,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Ubuntu Server 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr)",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000030040200"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 3,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Ubuntu Server 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus)",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000030060200"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 4,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver)",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000030080200"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 3,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "CentOS 6.10",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000050010200"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 3,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "CentOS 7.6",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000050010300"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 5,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "CoreOS Stable 1068.8.0",
"type" : "template",
"uuid" : "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000080010200"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
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The other methods of creating a server are to clone another server, and installing from UpCloud provided CD-ROM. Users can also create their own templates from an existing storage resource.
Our Server Configuration File
This is our server configuration file:
serverdefinition1
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{
"server": {
"title": "Our Demo Server",
"zone": "sg-sin1",
"timezone": "UTC",
"hostname": "demo1.example.com",
"plan": "1xCPU-1GB",
"video_model": "vga",
"storage_devices": {
"storage_device": [
{
"action": "clone",
"storage": "01000000-0000-4000-8000-000030080200",
"title": "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type": "disk",
"size": "25",
"tier": "maxiops"
},
{
"action": "create",
"title": "Data disk",
"type": "disk",
"size": "10",
"tier": "maxiops"
}
]
},
"ip_addresses": {
"ip_address": [
{ "access": "private", "family": "IPv4" },
{ "access": "public", "family": "IPv4" },
{ "access": "public", "family": "IPv6" }
]
},
"firewall": "on",
"login_user": {
"username": "root",
"create_password": "yes",
"ssh_keys": {
"ssh_key": [
"ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQC5Wb6Dk0mQqSaY4pbFzBrnGXCAV3Z92VoZsynsHesByQRYVWN0wm824Ox9Gp8ZN+VyKS7TXLl9DO5qPCz9kpE0SRTGWVYrDOSGbRD9TP0K1j+jgo5lDoQc3CND/Ri/vGyyE9nn/nsl8vEJ/RBkN1QDpotcxejnC/wy4qG/MISaywHSv1qmh8ULHMrlk74GC1OrLeW1msRNzKam3vNyoNPSyM9S/ytnMX2gJJRAC5YOdlYR4pLXcuJ4wOYymDp3j99F8gcoL3uWd+P9DGlRdgn2ZzsXc1E22rsb8AKDENAVFMPWYHd++PEG/GHXffbPANeeJA4pEoeCjvqprKEeFYJH chingl@trinity.cgl"
]
}
},
"password_delivery": "email",
"vnc": "on",
"vnc_password": "yourvncpassword",
"user_data": "useradd -m -U chingl; mkdir /data; mkfs.xfs /dev/vdb; mount /dev/vdb /data"
}
}
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Explanation of the attributes:
title: A up to 64 characters description of the server.
zone : Server is hosted in Singapore #1.
timezone: The server clock is in UTC.
hostname: Up to 128 characters host name with or without domain name.
plan: Plan of 1 CPU core, 1 GB memory, 25 GB MaxIOPS disk selected.
video_model: "vga" gives better resolution than "cirrus" for the console.
storage_devices: The first storage device is a boot device, of type MaxIOPS disk, 25 GB size, that is what the plan provides for. The disk is cloned from the UpCloud provided Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS template. The long string of numbers is the UUID of the template. There is a descriptive title that is up to 64 characters.
We attach a second storage device, titled "Data disk', of type MaxIOPS disk of 10 GB. A disk can be up to 2048 GB.
There can be up to eight storage devices in the storage_devices block.
ip_addresses: A server can have up to one private IPv4 address, zero to five public IPv4 addresses, zero to five public IPv6 addresses. Each IP address is associated with one virtual network interface. IPv4 addresses are assigned by DHCP. "IPv6 network interfaces should use stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC) with IPv6 privacy extensions disabled. On IPv6-only server DNS parameters can be obtained with stateless DHCPv6."
It is not possible to create subnets or a virtual private network. Private addresses are only visible to servers under the same UpCloud account.
firewall: UpCloud firewall rules are enabled with value "on". Value "off" disables UpCloud firewall rules.
login_user block:
username: We use user name "root". Other user names will be given sudo privilege.
create_password: Password is created. If set to "no", user can only login with SSH key.
ssh_keys: 1 to 32 SSH public keys in OpenSSH format.
password_delivery: Password is created and then delivered via email with value "email". Alternatives are not to send with "none", or via SMS with "sms".
vnc: VNC service is enabled with value "on". VNC enables access to console of server. Value "off" disables VNC service.
vnc_password: The VNC remote access password, 8-32 characters of a-z, A-Z and 0-9.
user_data: The commands to run in the operating system after the server has been created, or, the URL for a server setup script.
Issues Discovered
1) In the server definition JASON file, putting "boot_disk" attribute inside "storage_device" will result in error, even though the documentation at https://developers.upcloud.com/1.2/8-servers/ says otherwise.
2) When "video_model" is not specified, the result was "cirrus" with not so good console resolution even though documentation says default is "vga".
3) The disk size has to be explicitly specified or it will default to some value other than the entitlement in the plan. This example plan of "1xCPU-1GB" should have entitlement of 25 GB MaxIOPS disk. If the disk size is omitted, a 10 GB MaxIOPS disk is given. I am told by UpCloud person this is the default behaviour.
The above issues have been communicated to the UpCloud people.
Create server from the server definition file; take note of the assigned IP addresses, OS password "password" given, the server UUID "uuid", VNC host name "vnc_host" and VNC port number "vnc_port":
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chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/zone
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 06 Aug 2019 07:54:34 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 808
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"zones" : {
"zone" : [
{
"description" : "Frankfurt #1",
"id" : "de-fra1"
},
{
"description" : "Helsinki #1",
"id" : "fi-hel1"
},
{
"description" : "Helsinki #2",
"id" : "fi-hel2"
},
{
"description" : "Amsterdam #1",
"id" : "nl-ams1"
},
{
"description" : "Singapore #1",
"id" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"description" : "London #1",
"id" : "uk-lon1"
},
{
"description" : "Chicago #1",
"id" : "us-chi1"
},
{
"description" : "San Jose #1",
"id" : "us-sjo1"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
Introducing UpCloud
UpCloud is a company from Helsinki, Finland. They claim to have the fastest cloud servers in the world; their claim is backed by third party benchmarking. They have servers in various locations in the world, including here in Singapore.
https://upcloud.com
A customer virtual machine gets a dedicated CPU core per virtual CPU. There is only one single type of virtual machine, with no confusing classes of virtual machines to select. There are only two different storage types, hard disk and MaxIOPS. MaxIOPS is built on InfiniBand network and SSDs, promising to deliver up to 100,000 IOPS. There is no selection of SSD performance tiers. InfiniBand is not commonly used for IT storage. I do not know of any other public cloud that uses InfiniBand for storage network. That is how far the company founders are willing to go in pursuit of performance.
UpCloud also promises SLA of 50x payback for down time over 5 minutes. UpCloud does live migration of customer virtual machines when the host server needs to undergo maintenance, ensuring customer virtual machines do not suffer down time. Live migration is a very expensive capability to have, which is why most public clouds do not do live migration.
UpCloud provides only Infrastructure as a Service, of virtual machines and block device storage. Per virtual machine firewall rules are available, as is scheduled backups of storage device.
The proposition is thus the highest performance cloud servers, with costs much lower than the other big three public cloud services.
Public cloud virtual machines with lower than expected compute and storage performance is a not uncommon bane, leading to much more resources than budgeted required to meet performance levels.
Thiere is at least one third party that provides managed databases running in UpCloud.
Introduction to UpCloud REST API
This post introduces life cycle management of virtual machines on UpCloud using their REST API.
UpCloud has built other means of programmatic control of their cloud serice, which are all built on their REST API. You can check out their GitHub repositories:
https://github.com/UpCloudLtd
I tried out the Python API Client. It does not seem to have the full functionality of the REST API, Therefore I would recommend to use the REST API directly from your favourite language.
UpCloud Control Panels
The new user control panel login is at
https://hub.upcloud.com
This new control panel is optimized for mobile and tablet devices, as is the current trend.
The old user control panel login is at:
https://my.upcloud.com
I prefer the old control panel as I can see much more information.
Here I provide introduction to UpCloud REST API by creating a virtual machine, which UpCloud calls a server.
UpCloud REST API
Full documentation of UpCloud REST API:
https://developers.upcloud.com/
It is recommended to create a separate API user in the control panel, which has API access. That API user should not have access to control panel, and maybe have access restricted by IP address.
UpCloud API uses HTTP Basic authentication.
Both XML and JSON data definitions are available. We will use the default JSON.
Always check the HTTP status code for response status.
Successful requests are responded with a response code between 200 and 299.
"200 OK" means request was successful.
"201 Created" means "The request resulted in the generation of a new resource such as a server or a storage."
"202 Accepted" means "The request resulted in the asynchronous creation or update of an existing resource."
List Available Zones
First step is to select the appropriate zone to deploy virtual machine. Substitute the curl commands with the appropriate user name and password.
List available zones:
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chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @serverdefinition1 --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server
HTTP/1.1 100 Continue
HTTP/1.1 202 Accepted
Date: Sat, 10 Aug 2019 13:51:40 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 2058
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "1",
"firewall" : "on",
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "1024",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"password" : "62cx228v",
"plan" : "1xCPU-1GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "0",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "0",
"progress" : "0",
"state" : "maintenance",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our Demo Server",
"username" : "root",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
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List the servers, and check that the server is running, "state" attribute should be "started":
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chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Aug 2019 14:17:21 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 564
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"servers" : {
"server" : [
{
"core_number" : "1",
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "1024",
"plan" : "1xCPU-1GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "69698",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "1754",
"state" : "started",
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"title" : "Our Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
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Get detailed information about the server, the server UUID is appended to the end of the GET HTTPS URL:
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chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Aug 2019 14:25:24 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 2006
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "1",
"firewall" : "on",
"host" : 6477857411,
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "1024",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "1xCPU-1GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "99372",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "1950",
"state" : "started",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 UDP IPv6",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv6",
"position": "502",
"protocol": "udp",
"source_address_end": "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_address_start": "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_port_end": "53",
"source_port_start": "53"
}
}
Firewall
Please note that the UpCloud firewall is chargeable once the firewall service is enabled in the server.
Alternaively, firewall in OS can be used instead of the UpCloud firewall.
Network traffic is checked against the firewall rules in numerical order starting from the first rule. The first rule that matches is applied.
The firewall rules have to be added one by one in sequential order starting from the rule with the highest precedence. Unfortunately it is not possible to put all the firewall rule definitions in a single input file.
Please note that all attributes in the firewall rule JASON file must not have empty values. All attributes with empty values must be omitted from the JASON file or "HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request" will be returned.
The attributes are:
action: "accept" or "drop" the traffic.
comment: Up to 250 characters description of the rule.
destination_address_start and destination_address_end: IP address range of destination.
destination_port_start and destination_port_end: Port number range of destination.
direction: "in" or "out" direction of network traffic.
family: "IPv4" or "IPv6".
icmp_type: ICMP type of ICMP traffic, 0 to 255.
position: "1" to "1000", postion number of the rule with respect to the absolute position numbers of the existing rules. All existing rules are numbered sequentially, starting from number 1. The new rule is be inserted either at the position number where a rule already exisits, moving the other existing rules from that position onwards one postion number greater, or appended to the end of all rules if the position number is greater than the number of existing rules.
protocol: "icmp", "tcp" or "udp".
source_address_start and source_address_end: IP address range of source.
source_port_start and source_port_end: Port number range of source.
From the documentation in control panel:
"Please note that DNS traffic must also be explicitly allowed. Our DNS servers are 94.237.127.9 and 94.237.40.9 (in IPv6 network 2a04:3540:53::1 and 2a04:3544:53::1). Incoming TCP and UDP traffic from source port 53 must be allowed from these hosts."
We add the rules for the DNS servers as described above.
firewallrule-501-DNS1-TCP-IPv6-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 TCP IPv6",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv6",
"position": "501",
"protocol": "tcp",
"source_address_end": "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_address_start": "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_port_end": "53",
"source_port_start": "53"
}
}
______________________________________________________________________________________
The server UUID is in the POST HTTPS URL.
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-501-DNS1-TCP-IPv6-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 06:57:39 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 554
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 TCP IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "1",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_address_start" : "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
firewallrule-502-DNS1-UDP-IPv6-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-502-DNS1-UDP-IPv6-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 07:08:02 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 554
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 UDP IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "2",
"protocol" : "udp",
"source_address_end" : "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_address_start" : "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 TCP IPv6",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv6",
"position": "503",
"protocol": "tcp",
"source_address_end": "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_address_start": "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_port_end": "53",
"source_port_start": "53"
}
}
firewallrule-503-DNS2-TCP-IPv6-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-503-DNS2-TCP-IPv6-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 07:19:56 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 554
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 TCP IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "3",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_address_start" : "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 UDP IPv6",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv6",
"position": "504",
"protocol": "udp",
"source_address_end": "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_address_start": "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_port_end": "53",
"source_port_start": "53"
}
}
firewallrule-504-DNS2-UDP-IPv6-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-504-DNS2-UDP-IPv6-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 07:29:04 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 554
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 UDP IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "4",
"protocol" : "udp",
"source_address_end" : "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_address_start" : "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 TCP IPv4",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv4",
"position": "505",
"protocol": "tcp",
"source_address_end": "94.237.127.9",
"source_address_start": "94.237.127.9",
"source_port_end": "53",
"source_port_start": "53"
}
}
firewallrule-505-DNS1-TCP-IPv4-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-505-DNS1-TCP-IPv4-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 07:40:34 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 548
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 TCP IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "5",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "94.237.127.9",
"source_address_start" : "94.237.127.9",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 UDP IPv4",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv4",
"position": "506",
"protocol": "udp",
"source_address_end": "94.237.127.9",
"source_address_start": "94.237.127.9",
"source_port_end": "53",
"source_port_start": "53"
}
}
firewallrule-506-DNS1-UDP-IPv4-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-506-DNS1-UDP-IPv4-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 07:51:09 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 548
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 UDP IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "6",
"protocol" : "udp",
"source_address_end" : "94.237.127.9",
"source_address_start" : "94.237.127.9",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 TCP IPv4",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv4",
"position": "507",
"protocol": "tcp",
"source_address_end": "94.237.40.9",
"source_address_start": "94.237.40.9",
"source_port_end": "53",
"source_port_start": "53"
}
}
firewallrule-507-DNS2-TCP-IPv4-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-507-DNS2-TCP-IPv4-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 08:12:03 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 546
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 TCP IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "7",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "94.237.40.9",
"source_address_start" : "94.237.40.9",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 UDP IPv4",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv4",
"position": "508",
"protocol": "udp",
"source_address_end": "94.237.40.9",
"source_address_start": "94.237.40.9",
"source_port_end": "53",
"source_port_start": "53"
}
}
firewallrule-508-DNS2-UDP-IPv4-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-508-DNS2-UDP-IPv4-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 08:33:31 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 546
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 UDP IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "8",
"protocol" : "udp",
"source_address_end" : "94.237.40.9",
"source_address_start" : "94.237.40.9",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow HTTP from anywhere IPv4",
"destination_port_end": "80",
"destination_port_start": "80",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv4",
"position": "601",
"protocol": "tcp"
}
}
We allow HTTP to port 80 for both IPv4 and IPv6.
firewallrule-601-HTTP-IPv4-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-601-HTTP-IPv4-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 08:46:16 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 518
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow HTTP from anywhere IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "80",
"destination_port_start" : "80",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "9",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "",
"source_address_start" : "",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow HTTP from anywhere IPv6",
"destination_port_end": "80",
"destination_port_start": "80",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv6",
"position": "602",
"protocol": "tcp"
}
}
firewallrule-602-HTTP-IPv6-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-602-HTTP-IPv6-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 08:54:16 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 519
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow HTTP from anywhere IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "80",
"destination_port_start" : "80",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "10",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "",
"source_address_start" : "",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow SSH from a specific network IPv4 only",
"destination_port_end": "22",
"destination_port_start": "22",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv4",
"position": "701",
"protocol": "tcp",
"source_address_end": "202.102.122.64",
"source_address_start": "202.102.122.64"
}
}
Allow SSH from only specified IP address.
firewallrule-701-SSH-IPv4-restricted
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-701-SSH-IPv4-restricted --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 13:08:08 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 561
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow SSH from a specific network IPv4 only",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "22",
"destination_port_start" : "22",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "11",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "202.102.122.64",
"source_address_start" : "202.102.122.64",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow ICMP echo request (ping) IPv4",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv4",
"icmp_type": "8",
"position": "801",
"protocol": "icmp"
}
}
Allow ping of the server.
firewallrule-801-ping-IPv4-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-801-ping-IPv4-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 18:02:09 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 523
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow ICMP echo request (ping) IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "8",
"position" : "12",
"protocol" : "icmp",
"source_address_end" : "",
"source_address_start" : "",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "accept",
"comment": "Allow ICMP echo request (ping) IPv6",
"direction": "in",
"family": "IPv6",
"icmp_type": "8",
"position": "802",
"protocol": "icmp"
}
}
______________________________________________________________________________________
firewallrule-802-ping-IPv6-in-allowed
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-802-ping-IPv6-in-allowed --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sat, 24 Aug 2019 19:09:00 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 523
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow ICMP echo request (ping) IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "8",
"position" : "13",
"protocol" : "icmp",
"source_address_end" : "",
"source_address_start" : "",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @firewallrule-1000-All-in-drop --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Sun, 25 Aug 2019 18:16:09 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 504
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rule" : {
"action" : "drop",
"comment" : "Drop everything for ingress",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "14",
"protocol" : "",
"source_address_end" : "",
"source_address_start" : "",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
List all the firewall rules of the server. The server UUID is in the GET HTTPS URL:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/firewall_rule
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sun, 25 Aug 2019 18:28:21 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 8752
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"firewall_rules" : {
"firewall_rule" : [
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 TCP IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "1",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_address_start" : "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 UDP IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "2",
"protocol" : "udp",
"source_address_end" : "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_address_start" : "2a04:3540:53::1",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 TCP IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "3",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_address_start" : "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 UDP IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "4",
"protocol" : "udp",
"source_address_end" : "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_address_start" : "2a04:3544:53::1",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 TCP IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "5",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "94.237.127.9",
"source_address_start" : "94.237.127.9",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 1 UDP IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "6",
"protocol" : "udp",
"source_address_end" : "94.237.127.9",
"source_address_start" : "94.237.127.9",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 TCP IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "7",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "94.237.40.9",
"source_address_start" : "94.237.40.9",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow UpCloud DNS Server 2 UDP IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "8",
"protocol" : "udp",
"source_address_end" : "94.237.40.9",
"source_address_start" : "94.237.40.9",
"source_port_end" : "53",
"source_port_start" : "53"
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow HTTP from anywhere IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "80",
"destination_port_start" : "80",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "9",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "",
"source_address_start" : "",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow HTTP from anywhere IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "80",
"destination_port_start" : "80",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "10",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "",
"source_address_start" : "",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow SSH from a specific network IPv4 only",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "22",
"destination_port_start" : "22",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "11",
"protocol" : "tcp",
"source_address_end" : "202.102.122.64",
"source_address_start" : "202.102.122.64",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow ICMP echo request (ping) IPv4",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv4",
"icmp_type" : "8",
"position" : "12",
"protocol" : "icmp",
"source_address_end" : "",
"source_address_start" : "",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
},
{
"action" : "accept",
"comment" : "Allow ICMP echo request (ping) IPv6",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "IPv6",
"icmp_type" : "8",
"position" : "13",
"protocol" : "icmp",
"source_address_end" : "",
"source_address_start" : "",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
},
{
"action" : "drop",
"comment" : "Drop everything for ingress",
"destination_address_end" : "",
"destination_address_start" : "",
"destination_port_end" : "",
"destination_port_start" : "",
"direction" : "in",
"family" : "",
"icmp_type" : "",
"position" : "14",
"protocol" : "",
"source_address_end" : "",
"source_address_start" : "",
"source_port_end" : "",
"source_port_start" : ""
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Interactive Server Console
UpCloud provides an interactive server console. This is a very useful feature that is seriously lacking in many other clioud providers. One can access the server console either from the user control panel, or via a VNC client using the server VNC host name, VNC password and port number.
Interactive console access is very useful when one cannot connect to the server using the network, or to do remedial action when there is a fault.
See the screen shots below of the server console.
{
"firewall_rule": {
"action": "drop",
"comment": "Drop everything for ingress",
"direction": "in",
"position": "1000"
}
}
Drop all other ingress traffic.
firewallrule-1000-All-in-drop
______________________________________________________________________________________
The server console login prompt.
After logging in as root.
Note that this particular Ubuntu server template is configured with Finnish keyboard. That might create problems for people who are using a non-Finnish keyboard as certain keys are mapped differently.
See the screen shot below of SSH into the server using the matching private key. Note that the commands in "user_data" in the server configuration file have been executed. The DNS server is also accessible, as shown by the fact that the Ubuntu OS update list has been refreshed by accessing an external server.
The CPU is a high clock speed Intel Xeon workstation SKU.
You can see information about the UpCloud hypervisor.
______________________________________________________________________________________
Attribute:
title: Up to 64 characters description.
The UUID of the data disk is in the POST HTTPS URL.
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"storage": {
"title": "Manually created backup"
}
}
Manual Backup
Create a manual point-in-time backup of the data disk.
manual-backup
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @manual-backup --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a/backup
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2019 17:59:58 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 448
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storage" : {
"access" : "private",
"created" : "2019-08-28T17:59:58Z",
"license" : 0,
"origin" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"progress" : "0",
"servers" : {
"server" : []
},
"size" : 10,
"state" : "maintenance",
"title" : "Manually created backup",
"type" : "backup",
"uuid" : "018bdad6-3966-42ea-bcce-ae28c74028c4",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
List the private storages:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/private
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2019 18:02:01 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 1212
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storages" : {
"storage" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"size" : 25,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"created" : "2019-08-28T17:59:58Z",
"license" : 0,
"origin" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Manually created backup",
"type" : "backup",
"uuid" : "018bdad6-3966-42ea-bcce-ae28c74028c4",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2019 18:12:08 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 532
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storage" : {
"access" : "private",
"backup_rule" : {},
"backups" : {
"backup" : [
"018bdad6-3966-42ea-bcce-ae28c74028c4"
]
},
"license" : 0,
"servers" : {
"server" : [
"00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
]
},
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/018bdad6-3966-42ea-bcce-ae28c74028c4
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2019 18:22:04 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 419
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storage" : {
"access" : "private",
"created" : "2019-08-28T17:59:58Z",
"license" : 0,
"origin" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"servers" : {
"server" : []
},
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Manually created backup",
"type" : "backup",
"uuid" : "018bdad6-3966-42ea-bcce-ae28c74028c4",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Restore Backup
To demonstrate restore of disk data from backup, we write a file to the data disk:
______________________________________________________________________________________
Attributes:
stop_type: "soft" or "hard". Soft stopping sends ACPI graceful shutdown signal to the server.
"timeout": Value of "1" to "600", can be omitted. If set, do hard stop after the timeout value in seconds if the server is still running.
The server UUID is in the POST HTTPS URL.
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"stop_server": {
"stop_type": "soft",
"timeout": "600"
}
}
Now we will restore data disk to the previous state before the file write by using the manual point-in-time backup.
We have to stop the server first before doing the restore.
stop-server-soft-600
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @stop-server-soft-600 --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/stop
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 04:54:42 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 2011
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "1",
"firewall" : "on",
"host" : 6477857411,
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "1024",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "1xCPU-1GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "99260509",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "548848",
"state" : "started",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Check server status:
______________________________________________________________________________________
Attribute "state" with value "stopped" shows that the server has been stopped.
Restore the backup to the data disk. The UUID of the backup is in the POST HTTPS URL.
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/018bdad6-3966-42ea-bcce-ae28c74028c4/restore
HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 06:37:10 GMT
Server: Apache
Connection: close
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Check the status of the restore:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 05:00:09 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 1984
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "1",
"firewall" : "on",
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "1024",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "1xCPU-1GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "99260509",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "548848",
"state" : "stopped",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
The restore has been completed when "state" attribute of data disk has value "online".
Now we can start the server. Server UUID is in POST HTTPS URL:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/private
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 06:38:23 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 1213
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storages" : {
"storage" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"size" : 25,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"created" : "2019-08-28T17:59:58Z",
"license" : 0,
"origin" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Manually created backup",
"type" : "backup",
"uuid" : "018bdad6-3966-42ea-bcce-ae28c74028c4",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 10,
"state" : "syncing",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/private
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 06:41:12 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 1213
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storages" : {
"storage" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"size" : 25,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"created" : "2019-08-28T17:59:58Z",
"license" : 0,
"origin" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Manually created backup",
"type" : "backup",
"uuid" : "018bdad6-3966-42ea-bcce-ae28c74028c4",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 10,
"state" : "syncing",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/private
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 06:45:11 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 1212
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storages" : {
"storage" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"size" : 25,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"created" : "2019-08-28T17:59:58Z",
"license" : 0,
"origin" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Manually created backup",
"type" : "backup",
"uuid" : "018bdad6-3966-42ea-bcce-ae28c74028c4",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Server start is very quick, taking less than one minute.
We SSH into the server and check on the restore.
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/start
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 07:56:46 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 2011
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "1",
"firewall" : "on",
"host" : 5940986499,
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "1024",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "1xCPU-1GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "99260509",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "548848",
"state" : "started",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
The data disk has been restored to the state before the file write.
Delete Storage
Delete the backup, which is storage of "type" "backup". Backup UUID is in DELETE HTTPS URL:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request DELETE https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/018bdad6-3966-42ea-bcce-ae28c74028c4
HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 08:21:30 GMT
Server: Apache
Connection: close
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/private
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 08:22:09 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 788
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storages" : {
"storage" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"size" : 25,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Schedule Automatic Backups
We schedule automatic backups of the data disk.
schedule-backup-Sat-2000-180
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"storage": {
"backup_rule": {
"interval": "sat",
"time": "2000",
"retention": "180"
}
}
}
______________________________________________________________________________________
Attributes are:
interval: Day of the week a backup is done. Values are "daily", "mon", "tue", "wed", "thu", "fri", "sat" or "sun", values are self-explanatory.
time: Time of day the backup is created, "0000" to "2359".
retention: Number of days before a backup is automatically deleted. "1" to "1095". Maximum retention of 3 years.
In this example, we schedule weekly backups on Saturday, 2000 UTC, with retention of 180 days.
We modify the data disk storage. Data disk UUID is in PUT HTTPS URL:
______________________________________________________________________________________
We modify the server. Server UUID is in PUT HTTPS URL:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @server-change-2xCPU-4GB --request PUT https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d
HTTP/1.1 202 Accepted
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 06:05:10 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 1979
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "2",
"firewall" : "on",
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "4096",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "2xCPU-4GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "0",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "0",
"state" : "stopped",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our bigger Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Check that the server is not in state "maintenance":
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 06:19:05 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 1979
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "2",
"firewall" : "on",
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "4096",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "2xCPU-4GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "0",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "0",
"state" : "stopped",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our bigger Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
We start the server:
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"server" : {
"title": "Our bigger Demo Server",
"plan" : "2xCPU-4GB"
}
}
______________________________________________________________________________________
We get the details of the data disk. The data disk UUID is in GET HTTPS URL.
Checking the Scheduled Backup
We check that the scheduled backup was done:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/private
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 04:24:13 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 1205
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storages" : {
"storage" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"size" : 25,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"license" : 0,
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"created" : "2019-08-31T20:13:22Z",
"license" : 0,
"origin" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Scheduled Backup",
"type" : "backup",
"uuid" : "01cec459-ceb4-4ff1-aff1-ed5ab4072924",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 04:27:58 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 623
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storage" : {
"access" : "private",
"backup_rule" : {
"interval" : "sat",
"retention" : "180",
"time" : "2000"
},
"backups" : {
"backup" : [
"01cec459-ceb4-4ff1-aff1-ed5ab4072924"
]
},
"license" : 0,
"servers" : {
"server" : [
"00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
]
},
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/01cec459-ceb4-4ff1-aff1-ed5ab4072924
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 04:28:53 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 412
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storage" : {
"access" : "private",
"created" : "2019-08-31T20:13:22Z",
"license" : 0,
"origin" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"servers" : {
"server" : []
},
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Scheduled Backup",
"type" : "backup",
"uuid" : "01cec459-ceb4-4ff1-aff1-ed5ab4072924",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
We listed the private storages and got the detailed information of the data disk and the backup to confirm that the scheduled backup was completed.
Resizing the Server
We can resize the server by changing the number of CPU cores, memory size and the disk size. We cannot resize number of CPU cores and memory size when the server is running and must first stop the server.
We do soft stop of the server with timeout of 600 s:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @stop-server-soft-600 --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/stop
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 05:43:17 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 2011
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "1",
"firewall" : "on",
"host" : 5940986499,
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "1024",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "1xCPU-1GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "99447982",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "571702",
"state" : "started",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 05:45:57 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 1984
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "1",
"firewall" : "on",
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "1024",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "1xCPU-1GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "99447982",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "571702",
"state" : "stopped",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
We change to the plan "2xCPU-4GB". While this plan has entitlement of MaxIOPS SSD of 80 GB, we leave the storage size of 25 GB unchanged so that we can change back to the smaller plans later. We also change the title to reflect the new server size.
server-change-2xCPU-4GB
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chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @schedule-backup-Sat-2000-180 --request PUT https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a
HTTP/1.1 202 Accepted
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 08:43:08 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 562
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storage" : {
"access" : "private",
"backup_rule" : {
"interval" : "sat",
"retention" : "180",
"time" : "2000"
},
"backups" : {
"backup" : []
},
"license" : 0,
"servers" : {
"server" : [
"00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
]
},
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2019 08:48:11 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 562
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storage" : {
"access" : "private",
"backup_rule" : {
"interval" : "sat",
"retention" : "180",
"time" : "2000"
},
"backups" : {
"backup" : []
},
"license" : 0,
"servers" : {
"server" : [
"00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
]
},
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"tier" : "maxiops",
"title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "normal",
"uuid" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/start
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 06:32:53 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 2006
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "2",
"firewall" : "on",
"host" : 4464591491,
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "4096",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "2xCPU-4GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "0",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "0",
"state" : "started",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : []
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our bigger Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
We SSH into the server to check:
The memory is now 4 GB.
We now have two CPU cores, from a newer processor than before, a high clock speed Intel Xeon Gold 6136.
IP Addresses
See the three network interfaces:
List all IP addresses assigned to servers:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/ip_address
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 07:41:56 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 859
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6",
"ptr_record" : "c00c-02ff-fecb-758d.v6.sg-sin1.upcloud.host",
"server" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
},
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4",
"ptr_record" : "",
"server" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"ptr_record" : "94-237-76-17.sg-sin1.upcloud.host",
"server" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Get detailed information about each IP address. The specific IP address queried is in GET HTTPS URL:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/ip_address/2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 07:51:18 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 266
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"ip_address" : {
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6",
"ptr_record" : "c00c-02ff-fecb-758d.v6.sg-sin1.upcloud.host",
"server" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/ip_address/10.10.3.37
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 07:58:33 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 195
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"ip_address" : {
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4",
"ptr_record" : "",
"server" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/ip_address/94.237.76.17
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 07:59:23 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 259
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"ip_address" : {
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"ptr_record" : "94-237-76-17.sg-sin1.upcloud.host",
"server" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
DNS PTR Record of Public IP Addresses
The Public IP addresses have DNS PTR record. We check them out:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> host c00c-02ff-fecb-758d.v6.sg-sin1.upcloud.host 8.8.8.8
Using domain server:
Name: 8.8.8.8
Address: 8.8.8.8#53
Aliases:
c00c-02ff-fecb-758d.v6.sg-sin1.upcloud.host has IPv6 address 2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:2ff:fecb:758d
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> host 2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:2ff:fecb:758d 8.8.8.8
Using domain server:
Name: 8.8.8.8
Address: 8.8.8.8#53
Aliases:
d.8.5.7.b.c.e.f.f.f.2.0.c.0.0.c.0.1.3.2.0.0.0.1.3.4.5.3.4.0.a.2.ip6.arpa domain name pointer c00c-02ff-fecb-758d.v6.sg-sin1.upcloud.host.
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> host 94-237-76-17.sg-sin1.upcloud.host 8.8.8.8
Using domain server:
Name: 8.8.8.8
Address: 8.8.8.8#53
Aliases:
94-237-76-17.sg-sin1.upcloud.host has address 94.237.76.17
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> host 94.237.76.17 8.8.8.8
Using domain server:
Name: 8.8.8.8
Address: 8.8.8.8#53
Aliases:
17.76.237.94.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer 94-237-76-17.sg-sin1.upcloud.host.
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
The DNS PTR record of a public IP address can be modified.
Very Fast Update and Bootup
I updated the Ubuntu OS. The update was completed very quickly. Then the server was rebooted.
According to the system logs:
______________________________________________________________________________________
Sep 02 10:11:37 demo1.example.com systemd[1]: Shutting down.
Sep 02 10:11:37 demo1.example.com systemd-shutdown[1]: Syncing filesystems and block devices.
Sep 02 10:11:37 demo1.example.com systemd-shutdown[1]: Sending SIGTERM to remaining processes...
Sep 02 10:11:37 demo1.example.com systemd-journald[2883]: Journal stopped
-- Reboot --
Sep 02 10:11:44 demo1.example.com kernel: Linux version 4.15.0-52-generic (buildd@lgw01-amd64-051) (gcc version 7.3.0 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-16ubuntu3)) #56-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jun 4 22:49:08 UTC 2019 (Ubun
Sep 02 10:11:44 demo1.example.com kernel: Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-52-generic root=UUID=027d08d6-9b74-45c4-b835-83f1e444857d ro net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0
Sep 02 10:11:44 demo1.example.com kernel: KERNEL supported cpus:
Sep 02 10:11:44 demo1.example.com kernel: Intel GenuineIntel
Sep 02 10:11:44 demo1.example.com kernel: AMD AuthenticAMD
Sep 02 10:11:44 demo1.example.com kernel: Centaur CentaurHauls
Sep 02 10:11:44 demo1.example.com kernel: x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x001: 'x87 floating point registers'
---------------------------------
Sep 02 10:12:06 demo1.example.com systemd[1169]: Reached target Timers.
Sep 02 10:12:06 demo1.example.com systemd[1169]: Reached target Sockets.
Sep 02 10:12:06 demo1.example.com systemd[1169]: Reached target Paths.
Sep 02 10:12:06 demo1.example.com systemd[1169]: Reached target Basic System.
Sep 02 10:12:06 demo1.example.com systemd[1]: Started User Manager for UID 0.
Sep 02 10:12:06 demo1.example.com systemd[1169]: Reached target Default.
Sep 02 10:12:06 demo1.example.com systemd[1169]: Startup finished in 34ms.
Sep 02 10:12:08 demo1.example.com systemd-resolved[833]: Using degraded feature set (UDP) for DNS server 94.237.127.9.
______________________________________________________________________________________
The startup completed in less than 30 s. That is very fast indeed!
Tags
Tags can be used to organize servers for easier identification.
Only the main account can create and modify tags. Enable REST API access for the main account to enable creating tags using REST API.
tag-DEV
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"tag": {
"name": "DEV",
"description": "Development servers"
}
}
______________________________________________________________________________________
The attributes:
name: The tag name, "1-32 characters A-Z, a-z, 0-9, _".
description: Description of the tag, "A string of max 255 characters".
Create the new tag "DEV":
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourmainaccount:yourmainpassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @tag-DEV --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/tag
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 12:16:54 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 140
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"tag" : {
"description" : "Development servers",
"name" : "DEV",
"servers" : {
"server" : []
}
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Create new tag "webserver".
tag-webserver
______________________________________________________________________________________
{
"tag": {
"name": "webserver",
"description": "Web servers"
}
}
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourmainaccount:yourmainpassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @tag-webserver --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/tag
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 12:21:16 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 138
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"tag" : {
"description" : "Web servers",
"name" : "webserver",
"servers" : {
"server" : []
}
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
In the UpCloud control panel, grant the API user access to the two tags created.
List the tags accessible to the API user:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/tag
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 12:40:33 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 386
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"tags" : {
"tag" : [
{
"description" : "Development servers",
"name" : "DEV",
"servers" : {
"server" : []
}
},
{
"description" : "Web servers",
"name" : "webserver",
"servers" : {
"server" : []
}
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
From the API documentation:
"Creating and modifying tags is allowed only by main account. Sub-accounts have access only to listing tags and tagging servers they are granted access to."
However, when I attempt to tag the server with API user, the operation fails:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/tag/DEV,webserver
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 17:06:11 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 126
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"error" : {
"error_code" : "ACTION_FORBIDDEN",
"error_message" : "The requested action is forbidden."
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Tagging of server has to be done using the main account:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourmainaccount:yourmainpassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/tag/DEV,webserver
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 17:07:56 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 2070
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "2",
"firewall" : "on",
"host" : 7954252419,
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "4096",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "2xCPU-4GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "1984250",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "516671",
"state" : "started",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : [
"DEV",
"webserver"
]
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our bigger Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Using API user, list the tags:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/tag
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 17:45:26 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 532
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"tags" : {
"tag" : [
{
"description" : "Development servers",
"name" : "DEV",
"servers" : {
"server" : [
"00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
]
}
},
{
"description" : "Web servers",
"name" : "webserver",
"servers" : {
"server" : [
"00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
]
}
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/tag/DEV
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 17:50:54 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 201
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"tag" : {
"description" : "Development servers",
"name" : "DEV",
"servers" : {
"server" : [
"00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
]
}
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/tag/webserver
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 17:51:40 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 199
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"tag" : {
"description" : "Web servers",
"name" : "webserver",
"servers" : {
"server" : [
"00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d"
]
}
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Delete Server and Storage
The last stage of the life cycle management of a cloud server is to delete the server when it is no longer needed.
The server must be in "stopped" state before it can be deleted.
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data @stop-server-soft-600 --request POST https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/stop
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 18:24:39 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 2070
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "2",
"firewall" : "on",
"host" : 7954252419,
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "4096",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "2xCPU-4GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "2009288",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "517611",
"state" : "started",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : [
"DEV",
"webserver"
]
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our bigger Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 18:26:37 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 2043
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"server" : {
"boot_order" : "disk",
"core_number" : "2",
"firewall" : "on",
"hostname" : "demo1.example.com",
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"address" : "10.10.3.37",
"family" : "IPv4"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "2a04:3543:1000:2310:c00c:02ff:fecb:758d",
"family" : "IPv6"
},
{
"access" : "public",
"address" : "94.237.76.17",
"family" : "IPv4",
"part_of_plan" : "yes"
}
]
},
"license" : 0,
"memory_amount" : "4096",
"nic_model" : "virtio",
"plan" : "2xCPU-4GB",
"plan_ipv4_bytes" : "2009288",
"plan_ipv6_bytes" : "517611",
"state" : "stopped",
"storage_devices" : {
"storage_device" : [
{
"address" : "virtio:0",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"part_of_plan" : "yes",
"storage" : "01799556-96ef-4d04-bf1f-1898d4b0b2bc",
"storage_size" : 25,
"storage_title" : "Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS from UpCloud template",
"type" : "disk"
},
{
"address" : "virtio:1",
"boot_disk" : "0",
"storage" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"storage_size" : 10,
"storage_title" : "Data disk",
"type" : "disk"
}
]
},
"tags" : {
"tag" : [
"DEV",
"webserver"
]
},
"timezone" : "UTC",
"title" : "Our bigger Demo Server",
"uuid" : "00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d",
"video_model" : "vga",
"vnc" : "on",
"vnc_host" : "sg-sin1.vnc.upcloud.com",
"vnc_password" : "yourvncpassword",
"vnc_port" : "26306",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
From API documentation,
"The server state must be stopped. Storage devices attached to the server are automatically detached and deleted. IP addresses used by the server are released."
To keep storage devices, omit the "storages=1" parameter.
"The server state must be stopped. Storage devices attached to the server are automatically detached and can be reattached to other servers. IP addresses used by the server are released."
Delete the server and the attached disks. Server UUID is in DELETE HTTPS URL:
______________________________________________________________________________________
The server and the two attached disks have been deleted. The backup has not been deleted. The IP addresses have all been deleted.
Delete the backup. UUID of backup is in DELETE HTTPS URL:
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request DELETE https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d/?storages=1
HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 19:01:51 GMT
Server: Apache
Connection: close
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/server/00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 19:03:28 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 155
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"error" : {
"error_code" : "SERVER_NOT_FOUND",
"error_message" : "The server 00fb5e0d-4057-4a5d-bde1-abab4223f48d does not exist."
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/private
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 19:04:45 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 471
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storages" : {
"storage" : [
{
"access" : "private",
"created" : "2019-08-31T20:13:22Z",
"license" : 0,
"origin" : "01b93946-5a69-44ae-8a4b-e221d119139a",
"size" : 10,
"state" : "online",
"title" : "Scheduled Backup",
"type" : "backup",
"uuid" : "01cec459-ceb4-4ff1-aff1-ed5ab4072924",
"zone" : "sg-sin1"
}
]
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/ip_address
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 19:06:26 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 55
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"ip_addresses" : {
"ip_address" : []
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request DELETE https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/01cec459-ceb4-4ff1-aff1-ed5ab4072924
HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 19:29:28 GMT
Server: Apache
Connection: close
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud> curl --include --user "yourapiuser:yourapipassword" --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request GET https://api.upcloud.com/1.2/storage/private
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2019 19:29:34 GMT
Server: Apache
Content-Length: 48
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
{
"storages" : {
"storage" : []
}
}
chingl@trinity:~/testing/UpCloud>
______________________________________________________________________________________
Conclusion
The complete life cycle management of a virtual server on UpCloud has been demonstrated using UpCloud REST API. The essential operations of server creation, adding firewall rules, manual backup, regular scheduled automatic backups, restore from backup, resize of server, tagging, deletion of server and disks, have been demonstrated. The only useful operations that have not been shown are creating a template from a disk, cloning an existing storage and installing OS from CD-ROM.
Although the UpCloud REST API looks deceptively simple, it took me a lot longer than expected to have them to work correctly.
Only after fully understanding the actual behaviour of the UpCloud REST API, can one use programming lanuages to make the REST API calls to do infrastructure as code automation.
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